妊娠期糖尿病中的遗传学和表观遗传学与2型糖尿病的关系

Genetics and epigenetics in gestational diabetes contributing to type 2 diabetes.

作者信息

Kong Dewei, Kowalik Oliwia, Garratt Emma, Godfrey Keith M, Chan Shiao-Yng, Teo Adrian Kee Keong

机构信息

Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore; Dean's Office, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.

Stem Cells and Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.

出版信息

Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2025 Apr 24. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2025.03.014.

DOI:10.1016/j.tem.2025.03.014

PMID:40280863

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication and a risk factor for the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in mothers and of several metabolic diseases in offspring. However, the molecular underpinnings of these risks are not well understood. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and epigenetic studies may provide complementary insights into the causal relationships between GDM exposure and maternal/offspring metabolic outcomes. In this review we discuss the potential pathophysiological roles of specific genetic variants and commonly reported differentially methylated loci in GDM development, and their link to the progression to T2D in both the mother and the offspring in later life, pointing to the potential for tailored interventional strategies based on these genetic and epigenetic mechanisms.

摘要

妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是一种常见的妊娠并发症，是母亲随后发生2型糖尿病（T2D）以及后代发生多种代谢性疾病的危险因素。然而，这些风险的分子基础尚未完全明确。全基因组关联研究（GWAS）和表观遗传学研究可能会为GDM暴露与母体/后代代谢结局之间的因果关系提供互补性见解。在本综述中，我们讨论了特定基因变异和常见报道的差异甲基化位点在GDM发生发展中的潜在病理生理作用，以及它们与母亲和后代在晚年发展为T2D的关联，指出基于这些遗传和表观遗传机制制定个性化干预策略的可能性。