Tan Jiajia, Li Jinglin, Yi Xinfa
Faculty of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
College of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Apr 11;15(4):514. doi: 10.3390/bs15040514.
Self-efficacy is a key cognitive factor affecting undergraduates' employability, but existing studies have not sufficiently explored the underlying mechanisms of how self-efficacy influences employability, not to mention proposing a comprehensive model to clarify these pathways. Based on social cognitive career theory (SCCT), this study developed an empirical model to explore how achievement motivation and occupational aspiration mediate the relationship between general self-efficacy and employability. A survey was conducted with 454 undergraduates from five regional universities with industrial features in mainland China. The results showed that (1) there was a significant positive correlation between the four variables of general self-efficacy, achievement motivation, occupational aspiration and undergraduates' employability; (2) general self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on undergraduates' employability; and (3) general self-efficacy could affect undergraduates' employability through three indirect paths, namely, the independent mediation of achievement motivation, occupational aspiration and the chain mediation of achievement motivation and occupational aspiration. This study provides insights into how self-efficacy enhances employability, suggesting that educational interventions focusing on boosting students' self-efficacy and fostering achievement motivation and occupational aspiration are effective strategies for improving employability.
自我效能感是影响大学生就业能力的关键认知因素，但现有研究尚未充分探究自我效能感影响就业能力的潜在机制，更不用说提出一个综合模型来阐明这些途径。基于社会认知职业理论（SCCT），本研究构建了一个实证模型，以探究成就动机和职业抱负如何在一般自我效能感与就业能力之间起中介作用。对中国大陆五所具有行业特色的地方高校的454名本科生进行了调查。结果表明：（1）一般自我效能感、成就动机、职业抱负和大学生就业能力这四个变量之间存在显著正相关；（2）一般自我效能感对大学生就业能力有显著正向影响；（3）一般自我效能感可通过成就动机独立中介、职业抱负独立中介以及成就动机和职业抱负的链式中介这三条间接路径影响大学生就业能力。本研究为自我效能感如何提升就业能力提供了见解，表明专注于增强学生自我效能感以及培养成就动机和职业抱负的教育干预措施是提高就业能力的有效策略。
