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中枢神经系统恶性肿瘤脑脊髓液(CSF)给药的回顾性研究:脑室内(ICV)、腰段鞘内(LIT)和枕大池内(ICM)注射的安全性、临床疗效和药代动力学特征

Retrospective Review of Intra-Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Drug Delivery in CNS Malignancies: Safety, Clinical Efficacy and Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Intracerebroventricular (ICV), Lumbar Intrathecal (LIT), and Intra-Cisterna Magna (ICM) Injections.

作者信息

Lee Grace Y, Glicksman Marcie A, Patel Rajan, Malhotra Saaz, Moelis Nathan, Vanjani Nisheka N, Kumthekar Priya

机构信息

Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.

EnClear Therapies, Newburyport, MA 01950, USA.

出版信息

Cancers (Basel). 2025 Apr 9;17(8):1263. doi: 10.3390/cancers17081263.

Abstract

: The blood-brain barrier and blood-CSF barrier limit the uptake of CNS-targeted therapeutics, warranting utilization of intra-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drug delivery. Here we review and compare the safety and distribution of different intra-CSF delivery methods reported in clinical literature. : A retrospective literature review of three common CSF access methods was performed. A search consisting of clinical trials published on PubMed from 2000-2024 using the following search terms-intracerebroventricular/intraventricular/ICV, intrathecal/IT, intralumbar/lumbar puncture, cisterna magna/ICM/IT-CM, drug delivery, drug administration, and CSF-yielded 38 intracerebroventricular (ICV), 110 lumbar intrathecal (LIT), and six intra-cisterna magna (ICM) studies. : After final exclusion criteria were applied, there were 12 ICV, two LIT, and zero ICM publications remaining for analysis. ICV-specific safety was addressed in 11 ICV publications, with headache, nausea, and vomiting being among the most frequently mentioned procedure-associated adverse events (AEs). LIT-specific safety was provided in only one of the two studies, reporting mostly grade 1/2 AEs but also an instance of grade 4 myelosuppression. For clinical efficacy, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and disease progression rates were largely variable across studies. Pharmacokinetics were analyzed in four ICV studies. : The safety profiles of both ICV and LIT injections are acceptable, showing mostly mild to moderate procedure-associated AEs and less common treatment-related AEs than systemically administered therapies. Additionally, ICV achieves therapeutic goals more consistently than the other intra-CSF delivery methods. To date, there are insufficient data to show dose-related response with intra-CSF delivery. Novel tools are being developed to improve upon intra-CSF delivery that will ideally lead to improved patient outcomes in the near future.

摘要

血脑屏障和血脑脊液屏障限制了中枢神经系统靶向治疗药物的摄取,因此需要采用脑室内脑脊液(CSF)给药方式。在此,我们回顾并比较临床文献中报道的不同脑室内脑脊液给药方法的安全性和分布情况。

对三种常见的脑脊液通路方法进行了回顾性文献综述。使用以下检索词在PubMed上检索2000年至2024年发表的临床试验:脑室内/脑室内/ICV、鞘内/IT、腰穿/腰椎穿刺、枕大池/ICM/IT-CM、药物递送、药物给药和脑脊液,检索到38项脑室内(ICV)、110项腰段鞘内(LIT)和6项枕大池内(ICM)研究。

应用最终排除标准后,剩余12篇ICV、2篇LIT和0篇ICM出版物用于分析。11篇ICV出版物讨论了ICV特有的安全性,头痛、恶心和呕吐是最常提及的与操作相关的不良事件(AE)。两项LIT研究中只有一项提供了LIT特有的安全性,报告的大多是1/2级AE,但也有一例4级骨髓抑制。对于临床疗效,无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS)和疾病进展率在各研究中差异很大。四项ICV研究分析了药代动力学。

ICV和LIT注射的安全性概况均可接受,显示出大多为轻度至中度的与操作相关的AE,且与全身给药疗法相比,与治疗相关的AE较少见。此外,ICV比其他脑室内脑脊液给药方法更一致地实现治疗目标。迄今为止,尚无足够数据表明脑室内脑脊液给药存在剂量相关反应。正在开发新工具以改进脑室内脑脊液给药,理想情况下将在不久的将来改善患者预后。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/99e9/12025772/3d9de8d430f3/cancers-17-01263-g001.jpg

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