Mukhametova Liliya I, Zherdev Dmitry O, Kuznetsov Anton N, Yudina Olga N, Eremin Sergei A, Krylov Vadim B, Nifantiev Nikolay E
Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninsky Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Foods. 2025 Apr 15;14(8):1365. doi: 10.3390/foods14081365.
The storage duration and hatchability of eggs largely depend on the lysozyme content in egg whites; therefore, determining the lysozyme status is important for characterizing their quality. For the first time, a fast and accurate method for determining the active lysozyme in egg whites has been proposed to establish the lysozyme status of eggs using the fluorescence polarization assay and synthetic chitooligosaccharide conjugates with a fluorescent label without sample preparation. The egg whites of hens, black hens, chukars, quails, ducks, geese, turkeys, peacocks, and ostriches were studied. Samples of egg whites from hens, black hens, chukars, and quails demonstrate the possibility of measuring the lysozyme activity. Samples of hen and black hen eggs from a farm showed approximately the same enzymatic activity of lysozyme. A relatively higher enzymatic activity was demonstrated by the samples from quail egg whites; however, a wide range of data was observed among the eggs. Chitooligosaccharide conjugates demonstrate that they bind only to C-type lysozyme, and no interaction with G-type lysozyme has been shown. Lysozyme activity in the egg whites of duck, goose, turkey, peacock, and ostrich eggs has not been detected by using the obtained chitooligosaccharide tracers, which may be related to the structural features of lysozyme in different bird species. Thus, the method of fluorescence polarization (FP), using fluorescently labeled chitopentaoside to determine the lysozyme status, can be used to characterize hen, black hen, chukar, and quail eggs, which will allow for the selection of a batch of eggs with a high content of active lysozyme, for example, for long-term storage.
鸡蛋的储存时长和孵化率在很大程度上取决于蛋清中的溶菌酶含量；因此，确定溶菌酶状态对于表征其品质很重要。首次提出了一种快速准确的测定蛋清中活性溶菌酶的方法，该方法使用荧光偏振测定法和带有荧光标记的合成壳寡糖缀合物，无需样品制备即可确定鸡蛋的溶菌酶状态。对母鸡、乌鸡、石鸡、鹌鹑、鸭、鹅、火鸡、孔雀和鸵鸟的蛋清进行了研究。来自母鸡、乌鸡、石鸡和鹌鹑的蛋清样品证明了测量溶菌酶活性的可能性。来自一个农场的母鸡和乌鸡蛋样品显示出大致相同的溶菌酶酶活性。鹌鹑蛋清样品表现出相对较高的酶活性；然而，在这些鸡蛋中观察到了广泛的数据范围。壳寡糖缀合物表明它们仅与C型溶菌酶结合，未显示与G型溶菌酶有相互作用。使用获得的壳寡糖示踪剂未检测到鸭、鹅、火鸡、孔雀和鸵鸟蛋蛋清中的溶菌酶活性，这可能与不同鸟类溶菌酶 的结构特征有关。因此，使用荧光标记的壳五糖通过荧光偏振（FP）方法确定溶菌酶状态，可用于表征母鸡、乌鸡、石鸡和鹌鹑蛋，这将有助于选择一批活性溶菌酶含量高的鸡蛋，例如用于长期储存。
