Perić Radmila, Kozić Duško, Brkić Snežana, Lendak Dajana, Ostojić Jelena, Bugarski Ignjatović Vojislava, Boban Jasmina
Faculty of Medicine Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Center for Radiology, University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Hajduk Veljkova 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 Mar 30;61(4):632. doi: 10.3390/medicina61040632.
: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has a profound impact on the central nervous system (CNS), contributing to cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms even in individuals receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). This study aimed to investigate the associations between brain parenchymal volumes and neuropsychological outcomes, specifically focusing on cognitive function and depressive symptoms in HIV-positive males. : A total of 48 male participants underwent cognitive assessment using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), while depressive symptoms were evaluated in 35 participants using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Volumetric brain analysis was conducted through automated imaging software, volBrain (Version 1.0, published on 23 November 2021), ensuring high consistency and accuracy. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation to identify relationships between brain volumes and neuropsychological outcomes, emphasizing key regions like the basal forebrain and cingulate gyrus. : Significant trends were observed between basal forebrain volume and MMSE scores, emphasizing the role of this region in cognitive regulation. Additional correlations were found with the anterior and middle cingulate gyri, which are crucial for executive functioning and attentional control. Notably, smaller right basal forebrain volumes were associated with greater depressive symptom severity, suggesting the region's specific involvement in mood regulation. These findings highlight the dual impact of HIV on cognitive and emotional health, with structural vulnerabilities in key brain regions playing a central role. : This study underscores the selective vulnerability of certain brain regions, such as the basal forebrain and cingulate gyrus, to HIV-associated neurodegeneration. The results highlight the importance of integrating neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessments in routine clinical care for HIV-positive individuals. The study emphasizes the importance of early detection and targeted interventions to address neuropsychological challenges in this population, with a call for further research in larger and more diverse cohorts.
人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)对中枢神经系统(CNS)有深远影响,即使在接受联合抗逆转录病毒疗法(cART)的个体中,也会导致认知障碍和抑郁症状。本研究旨在调查脑实质体积与神经心理结果之间的关联,特别关注HIV阳性男性的认知功能和抑郁症状。
共有48名男性参与者使用简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)进行了认知评估,而35名参与者使用贝克抑郁量表(BDI)评估了抑郁症状。通过自动化成像软件volBrain(版本1.0,于2021年11月23日发布)进行脑容量分析,确保了高度的一致性和准确性。统计分析包括Pearson相关性分析,以确定脑容量与神经心理结果之间的关系,重点关注基底前脑和扣带回等关键区域。
观察到基底前脑体积与MMSE评分之间存在显著趋势,强调了该区域在认知调节中的作用。还发现与前扣带回和中扣带回存在其他相关性,这对执行功能和注意力控制至关重要。值得注意的是,右侧基底前脑体积较小与抑郁症状严重程度较高相关,表明该区域在情绪调节中具有特定作用。这些发现突出了HIV对认知和情绪健康的双重影响,关键脑区的结构脆弱性起着核心作用。
本研究强调了某些脑区,如基底前脑和扣带回,对HIV相关神经变性的选择性易损性。结果突出了在HIV阳性个体的常规临床护理中整合神经影像学和神经心理学评估的重要性。该研究强调了早期检测和针对性干预以应对该人群神经心理挑战的重要性,并呼吁在更大和更多样化的队列中进行进一步研究。