Public Health Department, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia.
Nursing Department, Madda Walabu University, Goba Referral Hospital, Bale Goba, Ethiopia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2022 Aug 19;22(1):557. doi: 10.1186/s12888-022-04205-6.
Depression is the most frequent mental health condition among human immune deficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients. It has been related to negative health outcomes. This could lead to hospitalization and an increase in medical expenses. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among HIV/AIDS patients in public hospitals Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was randomly employed among 554 study participants. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. A structured Patients Health Questionnaires- 9 was used to measure the depression status of HIV/AIDS patients. Data were collected using a pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire as well as review of patients medical charts or records. Descriptive statistics were computed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted identify factors associated with the prevalence of depression. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR), along with a 95% confidence interval (CI), was used to estimate the strength of the association. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The prevalence of depression among the study participants was found to be 44.9% (95% CI: 40.79%, 49.1%). Perceived HIV related stigma is the single most dominant predictor of depression [(AOR = 8.2, 95% CI: (4.96, 13.68)], low income level [(AOR = 3.1, 95% CI: (1.59, 6.22)] Experiencing any form of a side effect of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) [(AOR = 1.5, 95% CI: (1.04, 2.56)], having normal BMI [(AOR = 0.49, 95% CI: (0.29, 0.8)] being HIV patients at WHO clinical stage II [(AOR = 0.44, 95% CI: (0.22, 0.9)], were significantly associated with prevalence of depression.
The study revealed that the prevalence of depression among people living with HIV in the study settings was high, almost two out of every five HIV patients were depressed. Low income level, side effect to HAART, and having HIV related stigma were more likely to suffer from depression.
抑郁症是人类免疫缺陷病毒或获得性免疫缺陷综合征（HIV/AIDS）患者中最常见的心理健康问题。它与负面健康结果有关。这可能导致住院和医疗费用增加。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东南部 Bale 区公立医院 HIV/AIDS 患者的抑郁患病率和相关因素。
采用基于医院的横断面研究设计，随机抽取 554 名研究参与者。采用系统随机抽样技术选择研究对象。使用结构化患者健康问卷-9 来衡量 HIV/AIDS 患者的抑郁状况。使用经过预测试的访谈者管理的结构化问卷以及审查患者的病历或记录来收集数据。计算描述性统计数据。进行多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定与抑郁患病率相关的因素。使用调整后的优势比（AOR）和 95%置信区间（CI）来估计关联的强度。p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
研究参与者中抑郁的患病率为 44.9%（95%CI：40.79%，49.1%）。感知到的 HIV 相关耻辱感是抑郁的单一最主要预测因素[（AOR=8.2，95%CI：（4.96，13.68]），低收入水平[（AOR=3.1，95%CI：（1.59，6.22]）经历高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的任何形式的副作用[（AOR=1.5，95%CI：（1.04，2.56]），正常 BMI[（AOR=0.49，95%CI：（0.29，0.8）]处于世界卫生组织临床阶段 II 的 HIV 患者[（AOR=0.44，95%CI：（0.22，0.9）]与抑郁的患病率显著相关。
研究表明，在所研究的环境中，HIV 感染者的抑郁患病率较高，每五名 HIV 患者中就有近两名患有抑郁症。低收入水平、HAART 的副作用和 HIV 相关耻辱感更有可能患上抑郁症。
