Hoinoiu Teodora, Dumitrascu Victor, Pit Daniel, Schipor David-Alexandru, Jabri-Tabrizi Madalina, Hoinoiu Bogdan, Petreuș David Emanuel, Seiman Corina
Department of Clinical Practical Skills, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Center for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Pathology and Hemostaseology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 Apr 2;61(4):656. doi: 10.3390/medicina61040656.
Neoplastic disorders, particularly malignant carcinomas, are complex systemic diseases characterized by unregulated cellular proliferation, the invasion of adjacent tissues, and potential metastasis to distant bodily sites. Among the diverse spectrum of cancer subtypes, malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive form of cutaneous cancer originating in melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells resident in the skin. This malignancy is distinguished by its rapid and uncontrolled growth, as well as its propensity for metastasis to vital organs, thereby posing significant challenges to therapeutic intervention and prognostication. Early detection of melanoma is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes, as diagnosis at an advanced stage often yields a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Diagnostic modalities for melanoma encompass comprehensive clinical evaluations by dermatologists; radiological imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scans; and excisional biopsies for accurate histopathological assessment. Malignant melanoma is typically treated with surgery to remove the tumor, followed by immunotherapy to enhance the immune response, targeted therapy for tumors with specific genetic mutations, chemotherapy for advanced stages, radiation therapy to manage metastasis, and other adjunct therapies. This review presents the properties and possible adjunct therapeutic effects against malignant melanoma of quercetin found in the literature and explores, based on the observed physicochemical properties and biological activity, its potential development as a topical formulation for cutaneous application. Quercetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid compound abundant in various plant-based food sources, including apples, onions, berries, and citrus fruits, and has exhibited promising antiproliferative, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. Its distinctive biochemical structure enables quercetin to effectively neutralize reactive oxygen species and modulate key carcinogenic pathways, thereby rendering it a potential candidate for therapeutic intervention in managing malignant tumors, including melanoma.
肿瘤性疾病，尤其是恶性癌，是复杂的全身性疾病，其特征为细胞增殖失控、侵袭邻近组织以及有转移至身体远处部位的可能性。在各种各样的癌症亚型中，恶性黑色素瘤是一种极具侵袭性的皮肤癌，起源于黑素细胞，即皮肤中产生色素的细胞。这种恶性肿瘤的特点是生长迅速且不受控制，以及易于转移至重要器官，从而给治疗干预和预后带来重大挑战。黑色素瘤的早期检测对于优化患者预后至关重要，因为晚期诊断通常预后不良且治疗选择有限。黑色素瘤的诊断方法包括皮肤科医生进行的全面临床评估；放射成像技术，如超声检查、磁共振成像（MRI）、计算机断层扫描（CT）；以及用于准确组织病理学评估的切除活检。恶性黑色素瘤通常采用手术切除肿瘤，随后进行免疫疗法以增强免疫反应，针对具有特定基因突变的肿瘤进行靶向治疗，晚期进行化疗，放疗以控制转移，以及其他辅助治疗。本综述介绍了文献中发现的槲皮素对恶性黑色素瘤的特性和可能的辅助治疗作用，并基于观察到的物理化学性质和生物活性，探讨了其作为皮肤应用局部制剂的潜在开发前景。槲皮素是一种天然存在的黄酮类化合物，在各种植物性食物来源中含量丰富，包括苹果、洋葱、浆果和柑橘类水果，并已表现出有前景的抗增殖、抗氧化和抗癌特性。其独特的生化结构使槲皮素能够有效中和活性氧并调节关键致癌途径，从而使其成为治疗包括黑色素瘤在内的恶性肿瘤的潜在治疗干预候选物。
