Niculae Lucia Elena, Tocariu Raluca, Archir Evelyn-Denise, Niculae Alexandru-Ștefan, Coricovac Anca-Magdalena, Comandașu Diana-Elena, Petca Aida, Brătilă Elvira
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
Department of Neonatology, Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology "Prof. Dr. Panait Sârbu", 3-5 Giulesti St, 060251 Bucharest, Romania.
Life (Basel). 2025 Apr 1;15(4):578. doi: 10.3390/life15040578.
This study investigates neonatal outcomes in singleton and multiple pregnancies following in vitro fertilization (IVF) using donor (IVF-D) versus autologous (IVF-A) material. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted with 988 neonates born between 2017 and 2024 across three tertiary neonatal units in Romania. The primary outcomes included preterm birth, low birthweight, neonatal asphyxia, and congenital malformations. IVF-D pregnancies were associated with a higher prevalence of adverse neonatal outcomes, particularly in multiple gestations. Preterm birth and low birthweight were more frequent in the IVF-D group, with donor-conceived neonates exhibiting increased rates of neonatal ventilation and prolonged hospitalization. Additionally, congenital anomalies, particularly cardiac malformations, were more prevalent in IVF-D pregnancies, suggesting possible immunological and epigenetic influences. Despite these differences, overall neonatal survival was comparable between groups. These findings contribute to the existing literature on assisted reproductive technologies, emphasizing the need for further research to clarify the biological mechanisms influencing neonatal outcomes and to optimize the clinical management of IVF pregnancies using donor gametes.
本研究调查了使用供体材料（体外受精-供体，IVF-D）与自体材料（体外受精-自体，IVF-A）进行体外受精（IVF）后单胎和多胎妊娠的新生儿结局。对罗马尼亚三个三级新生儿病房在2017年至2024年期间出生的988名新生儿进行了回顾性队列分析。主要结局包括早产、低出生体重、新生儿窒息和先天性畸形。IVF-D妊娠与不良新生儿结局的发生率较高相关，尤其是在多胎妊娠中。早产和低出生体重在IVF-D组中更为常见，供体受孕的新生儿表现出更高的新生儿通气率和更长的住院时间。此外，先天性异常，特别是心脏畸形，在IVF-D妊娠中更为普遍，提示可能存在免疫和表观遗传影响。尽管存在这些差异，但两组之间的总体新生儿存活率相当。这些发现为现有关于辅助生殖技术的文献做出了贡献，强调需要进一步研究以阐明影响新生儿结局的生物学机制，并优化使用供体配子的IVF妊娠的临床管理。
