Chen Feng-Yin, Tsou Yung-An, Chang Nai-Jen, Chang Wen-Dien
Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung 404401, Taiwan.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404328, Taiwan.
Life (Basel). 2025 Apr 6;15(4):610. doi: 10.3390/life15040610.
This study aimed to explore the sleep conditions and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk in athletes with poor sleep quality. Athletes with poor sleep quality before competition were recruited. Cardiopulmonary coupling analysis, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Insomnia Severity Index were used to assess and compare athletes at risk of OSA (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 events per hour) with those not at risk (AHI < 5 events per hour). Comparisons were made between the non-OSA group (n = 23) and the OSA risk group (n = 19, AHI = 10.79 ± 4.47 events per hour). The OSA risk group exhibited a significantly higher percentage of Stage 1 (S1) and Stage 2 (S2) sleep and greater heart rate variability (HRV) ( < 0.05). Positive correlations were found between AHI and the percentage of S1 and S2 sleep, low-frequency (LF), and the LF/HF ratio ( < 0.05). Conversely, significant negative correlations were observed between AHI and the percentage of Stage 3 (S3) and Stage 4 (S4) sleep, as well as HRV ( < 0.05). Athletes with poor sleep quality and high OSA risk demonstrated reduced parasympathetic activity, increased sympathetic activity, and affected sympathovagal balance during nocturnal HRV.
本研究旨在探讨睡眠质量差的运动员的睡眠状况及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）风险。招募了比赛前睡眠质量差的运动员。采用心肺耦合分析、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、爱泼华嗜睡量表和失眠严重程度指数，对有OSA风险（呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）≥每小时5次事件）的运动员和无风险（AHI<每小时5次事件）的运动员进行评估和比较。在非OSA组（n = 23）和OSA风险组（n = 19，AHI = 10.79±4.47次事件/小时）之间进行比较。OSA风险组的1期（S1）和2期（S2）睡眠百分比显著更高，心率变异性（HRV）更大（P<0.05）。发现AHI与S1和S2睡眠百分比、低频（LF）以及LF/HF比值之间存在正相关（P<0.05）。相反，观察到AHI与3期（S3）和4期（S4）睡眠百分比以及HRV之间存在显著负相关（P<0.05）。睡眠质量差且OSA风险高的运动员在夜间HRV期间表现出副交感神经活动减少、交感神经活动增加以及交感迷走神经平衡受到影响。
