Abdulkareem Ghassan Bahir, Cobourne Martyn T, Abid Mushriq
Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad 10070, Iraq.
Centre for Craniofacial Development and Regeneration, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Floor 27, London SE1 9RT, UK.
J Clin Med. 2025 Apr 14;14(8):2676. doi: 10.3390/jcm14082676.
Protraction facemasks are commonly used to treat Class III malocclusion in growing patients. Personalized facemasks designed using 3D modeling software and based on individual 3D face images are now available. This study aimed to assess the mechanical properties of three novel designs of Petit-type facemask appliances through three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis (FEA). : Three novel designs of the facemask were modeled by Solidworks 3D CAD (2023): anatomic, V-shape, and arc-shape. FEA was performed by Ansys 2021 (R2) software. The elements' sizes, shapes, and numbers were identified, and the material property was set on Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS) plastic. The support and loading conditions of two different intensities of load, 7.8 and 9.8 N, respectively, were applied in three angulations to the occlusal plane: 0°, 30°, and 50°. Stress, strain, and total deformation results were obtained. : The minimum stress was reported with the anatomic design at a 30° angulation, whereas the maximum value was reported in the arc-shape design at 50°; however, there was no significant difference among the three designs. The von Mises yield criterion showed that the overall stresses were distributed on the larger areas of the facemask structure at 30° angulation for all designs. The stresses induced in all facemask appliance designs did not cause permanent deformation. : Anatomic design has better mechanical behavour than the V-shape or arc shape design. Downward inclination of 30° to the occlusal plane induces less stress. These findings support the use of customized anatomic facemasks for the effective and efficient treatment of Class III malocclusions in growing patients, potentially improving clinical outcomes and patient comfort. Further research, particularly clinical trials, is needed to validate the results of the present study.
前牵引面罩通常用于治疗生长发育期患者的III类错牙合畸形。现在可以使用3D建模软件并基于个体3D面部图像设计个性化面罩。本研究旨在通过三维有限元分析（FEA）评估三种新型Petit型面罩矫治器设计的力学性能。：通过Solidworks 3D CAD（2023）对三种新型面罩设计进行建模：解剖型、V型和弧形。使用Ansys 2021（R2）软件进行有限元分析。确定了单元的尺寸、形状和数量，并设定了丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）塑料的材料属性。分别以7.8 N和9.8 N两种不同强度的载荷，在与咬合平面成0°、30°和50°三种角度施加支撑和加载条件。获得了应力、应变和总变形结果。：在30°角度时，解剖型设计的应力最小，而在50°时，弧形设计的应力最大；然而，三种设计之间没有显著差异。冯·米塞斯屈服准则表明，对于所有设计，在30°角度时，整体应力分布在面罩结构的较大区域。所有面罩矫治器设计中产生的应力均未导致永久变形。：解剖型设计比V型或弧形设计具有更好的力学性能。与咬合平面成30°的向下倾斜产生的应力较小。这些发现支持使用定制的解剖型面罩有效且高效地治疗生长发育期患者的III类错牙合畸形，可能改善临床效果和患者舒适度。需要进一步的研究，特别是临床试验，以验证本研究的结果。
