Owens Joshua H, Windon Charles C, Mungas Dan, Whitmer Rachel A, Gilsanz Paola, Manly Jennifer J, Glymour M Maria
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, 1225 Center Dr, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA.
Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 190, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Mar 30;22(4):525. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22040525.
Positive childhood experiences (PCEs) have unknown effects on late life cognition and Alzheimer's Disease biomarkers. We examined 406 Asian, 1179 Black, 349 Latinx, and 498 White KHANDLE and STAR study participants with data on PCEs, longitudinal cognitive measures, MRI (n = 560), and amyloid PET (n = 281). We conducted mediation and multigroup models within the structural equation modeling framework allowing us to examine the direct association of PCEs with episodic memory level and change as well as the indirect effects of PCEs through education. We additionally conducted linear regressions examining the association of PCEs with MRI and amyloid PET outcomes. Average participant age was 74 (53-90) and 62% were female. Overall, PCEs were positively associated with memory intercept and change. Education significantly mediated the association between PCEs and memory intercept. PCEs were not associated with hippocampal volume or amyloid burden in the combined sample or across individual ethnocultural groups. PCEs are positively related to episodic memory through the promotion of educational attainment.
积极的童年经历（PCEs）对晚年认知和阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的影响尚不清楚。我们对406名亚洲人、1179名黑人、349名拉丁裔和498名白人的KHANDLE和STAR研究参与者进行了研究，这些参与者有关于PCEs、纵向认知测量、MRI（n = 560）和淀粉样蛋白PET（n = 281）的数据。我们在结构方程建模框架内进行了中介和多组模型分析，使我们能够检验PCEs与情景记忆水平和变化的直接关联，以及PCEs通过教育产生的间接影响。我们还进行了线性回归分析，检验PCEs与MRI和淀粉样蛋白PET结果的关联。参与者的平均年龄为74岁（53 - 90岁），62%为女性。总体而言，PCEs与记忆截距和变化呈正相关。教育显著中介了PCEs与记忆截距之间的关联。在合并样本或各个种族文化群体中，PCEs与海马体积或淀粉样蛋白负担均无关联。PCEs通过促进教育程度与情景记忆呈正相关。
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