Cunha Olga, Sousa Marta, Pereira Bárbara, Pinheiro Marina, Machado Ana Beatriz, Caridade Sónia, Almeida Telma Catarina
Psychology Research Center (CIPsi), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
William James Center for Research (WJC), ISPA-University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2024 Nov 30:15248380241299434. doi: 10.1177/15248380241299434.
Although positive childhood experiences (PCEs) may serve as protective factors against the negative consequences of childhood adversity, they have been less extensively studied. However, more recently, there has been a growing interest in understanding the role of these experiences. This systematic review aims to address this research gap by systematizing the existing literature on PCEs and examining their relationship with both positive and negative outcomes. A comprehensive search of databases such as , , , , and identified 87 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Different studies have employed various designs and samples to investigate the relationship between PCEs and adult outcomes. The findings suggest that higher levels of PCEs are consistently associated with better mental health outcomes, such as decreased depressive symptoms, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors, as well as improved psychosocial well-being, including reduced perceived stress and increased life satisfaction. Conflicting results were found for behavioral outcomes, physical health, stressful life events, and parenting and family functioning. In addition, the interaction effect of PCEs on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in adulthood is inconsistent. PCEs and ACEs appear to be independent sets of experiences that often coexist, with PCEs frequently not moderating the consequences of adversity on outcomes. More research with diverse samples is needed to better understand the role of PCEs.
尽管积极的童年经历（PCEs）可能作为抵御童年逆境负面影响的保护因素，但对其研究较少。然而，最近人们对理解这些经历的作用越来越感兴趣。本系统综述旨在通过梳理关于积极童年经历的现有文献并研究其与积极和消极结果之间的关系来填补这一研究空白。对诸如[具体数据库名称1]、[具体数据库名称2]、[具体数据库名称3]、[具体数据库名称4]和[具体数据库名称5]等数据库进行全面检索，确定了87项符合纳入标准的研究。不同的研究采用了各种设计和样本，以调查积极童年经历与成人结果之间的关系。研究结果表明，较高水平的积极童年经历始终与更好的心理健康结果相关，如抑郁症状减轻、焦虑和自杀行为减少，以及心理社会幸福感改善，包括感知压力降低和生活满意度提高。在行为结果、身体健康、压力性生活事件以及养育和家庭功能方面发现了相互矛盾的结果。此外，积极童年经历对成年期童年不良经历（ACEs）的交互作用并不一致。积极童年经历和童年不良经历似乎是经常共存的独立经历集，积极童年经历通常不会缓和逆境对结果的影响。需要更多对不同样本的研究来更好地理解积极童年经历的作用。
