Molecular Identification of (Diptera: Culicidae) Species in Native Communities of a Northeastern Region of Peru.

BACKGROUND

Malaria is a severe health problem in native communities of Condorcanqui in the Amazonas region of Peru. Recently, the number of malaria cases has increased considerably following a outbreak in 2019. However, there is no information on the anophelines acting as vectors in this area. This study aimed to identify species circulating in previously unexplored native communities of Condorcanqui. Additionally, we sought to detect the presence of DNA from and parasites in mosquitoes.

METHODS

During three exploratory visits between March and September 2022, 453 mosquitoes were collected using Shannon traps and CDC light traps. Only specimens morphologically identified as sp. were subjected to molecular confirmation through PCR amplification and sequencing of the barcode region. parasites were detected using nested PCR targeting of the 18S rRNA subunit, while human blood meal feeding was evaluated using a human marker.

RESULTS

A total of 66 specimens were molecularly confirmed as anopheline species: B, . , . , and . Six specimens of B were exclusively positive for parasites by PCR. Moreover, four specimens tested positive for and the presence of human blood, suggesting the anthropophilic behavior of B and its possible role as a potential malaria vector in this area.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, while this study provides valuable insights into the potential role of as a malaria vector in Amazonas, further research is essential to fully understand its behavior and transmission dynamics in the region.