Purba Rayudika Aprilia Patindra, Sangsawad Papungkorn
Postharvest Technology and Innovation in Animal Unit, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
Department of Health, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia.
Vet Sci. 2025 Apr 16;12(4):372. doi: 10.3390/vetsci12040372.
This meta-analysis systematically evaluates the efficacy of dietary interventions for mitigating enteric methane production in ruminants through the application of advanced statistical methodologies. A comprehensive dataset comprising 119 peer-reviewed publications (2000-2024) was analyzed using robust variance estimation, multilevel modeling, and network meta-analysis to quantify intervention efficacy and identify moderating factors while properly accounting for within-study dependencies. The results demonstrate a clear efficacy hierarchy of macroalgae (51.0% reduction [95% CI: 37.0-63.0%]), 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP; 30.6% [95% CI: 22.0-45.0%]), nitrate (16.0% [95% CI: 6.0-26.0%]), oils (14.7% [95% CI: 5.0-24.0%]), and phytochemicals (13.5% [95% CI: 4.0-22.0%]). The meta-regression analyses identified significant dose-response relationships for macroalgae (coefficient = -0.212, < 0.001), 3-NOP (coefficient = -0.002, < 0.001), nitrate (coefficient = -0.045, = 0.004), and oils (coefficient = -0.031, = 0.008), with animal type significantly moderating efficacy across interventions. The temporal trend analysis revealed significant efficacy improvements for macroalgae, nitrate, and phytochemicals ( < 0.05). The examination of intervention combinations identified synergistic effects for tannin + nitrate (ratio = 1.25) and 3-NOP + macroalgae (ratio = 1.12) combinations. The integration of efficacy data with implementation factors demonstrated substantial variation in practical viability, with 3-NOP, oils, and nitrate demonstrating the most favorable implementation profiles despite macroalgae's superior efficacy. This comprehensive synthesis provides a quantitative foundation for developing targeted methane mitigation strategies across diverse ruminant production systems.
本荟萃分析通过应用先进的统计方法，系统评估了饮食干预对减轻反刍动物肠道甲烷生成的效果。使用稳健方差估计、多层次建模和网络荟萃分析对一个包含119篇同行评审出版物（2000 - 2024年）的综合数据集进行分析，以量化干预效果并识别调节因素，同时适当考虑研究内部的相关性。结果显示了大型藻类（减少51.0% [95%置信区间：37.0 - 63.0%]）、3 - 硝基氧丙醇（3 - NOP；30.6% [95%置信区间：22.0 - 45.0%]）、硝酸盐（16.0% [95%置信区间：6.0 - 26.0%]）、油脂（14.7% [95%置信区间：5.0 - 24.0%]）和植物化学物质（13.5% [95%置信区间：4.0 - 22.0%]）的明显效果等级。荟萃回归分析确定了大型藻类（系数 = -0.212，< 0.001）、3 - NOP（系数 = -0.002，< 0.001）、硝酸盐（系数 = -0.045， = 0.004）和油脂（系数 = -0.031， = 0.008）的显著剂量 - 反应关系，动物类型在各干预措施中对效果有显著调节作用。时间趋势分析显示大型藻类、硝酸盐和植物化学物质的效果有显著改善（< 0.05）。对干预组合的研究确定了单宁 + 硝酸盐（比率 = 1.25）和3 - NOP + 大型藻类（比率 = 1.12）组合的协同效应。将效果数据与实施因素相结合表明实际可行性存在很大差异，尽管大型藻类效果更佳，但3 - NOP、油脂和硝酸盐显示出最有利的实施情况。这种全面的综合分析为在不同反刍动物生产系统中制定有针对性的甲烷减排策略提供了定量基础。
