Norman J Farley, Carmichael Maria, Hagan Evan, Ramirez Alejandro B, Mishchuk Yulia, Sutton Avery, Marcum William B, Jaber Lara
Department of Psychological Sciences, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, 42101-2030, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 26;15(1):14638. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99806-y.
Perceptual grouping by common fate has been studied for more than one hundred years: visible stimulus elements that move together (e.g., with the same speed and direction) are perceptually grouped into a single entity distinct from its background. Yet other forms of common fate also exist. In the current study we evaluated the potential informativeness of common appearance and disappearance. In common appearance, a textured object that was not present in an initial view (which contained a textured background identical in nature to that of the object) suddenly appeared in a second view. In common disappearance, a textured object that was perfectly camouflaged in the initial view disappeared in a second view (revealing background texture that had previously been occluded). In both events in the current experiment, the rectangular object was not visible in either the first or second image -- nevertheless, the common appearance or disappearance of stimulus texture elements permitted the perception of object shape. Thirty younger and older adults effectively discriminated shape (horizontal versus vertical rectangles) defined by common appearance and disappearance. The duration of an interstimulus interval and age significantly modulated the visibility of stimulus objects defined by common appearance and disappearance.
一起移动的可见刺激元素（例如，以相同的速度和方向）在知觉上被分组为一个与其背景不同的单一实体。然而，其他形式的共同命运也存在。在当前的研究中，我们评估了共同出现和消失的潜在信息性。在共同出现的情况下，一个在初始视图中不存在的纹理物体（其包含与物体本质相同的纹理背景）在第二个视图中突然出现。在共同消失的情况下，一个在初始视图中完美伪装的纹理物体在第二个视图中消失（露出先前被遮挡的背景纹理）。在当前实验的这两种情况下，矩形物体在第一幅图像或第二幅图像中都不可见——尽管如此，刺激纹理元素的共同出现或消失使得物体形状得以被感知。30名年轻和年长的成年人有效地辨别了由共同出现和消失所定义的形状（水平矩形与垂直矩形）。刺激间隔的持续时间和年龄显著调节了由共同出现和消失所定义的刺激物体的可见性。
