Sekuler A B, Bennett P J
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Psychol Sci. 2001 Nov;12(6):437-44. doi: 10.1111/1467-9280.00382.
A critical step toward object recognition is the segmentation of a scene into relevant regions. One of the most important cues for segmentation is that of common fate: Elements that move together are grouped together Here we describe a new instantiation of common fate, in which elements move together not through physical space, but through luminance space. Experiment I shows that when elements of a scene become brighter together or darker together, observers group those elements together Experiments 2 and 3 show that this effect is not due to the availability of fixed luminance differences between target and background regions, but requires common changes within each region in the direction of luminance over time. The effect is differentiated from the recently discovered grouping cue of temporal synchrony, and is considered instead to be an extension of Wertheimer's original grouping factor of common fate. Common fate for luminance, or generalized common fate, is an extremely strong cue for the segmentation of a scene, yielding a tremendous advantage over grouping by fixed luminance cues.
迈向目标识别的关键一步是将场景分割成相关区域。分割最重要的线索之一是共同命运：一起移动的元素会被归为一组。在此，我们描述了一种共同命运的新实例，其中元素并非在物理空间中一起移动，而是在亮度空间中一起移动。实验1表明，当场景中的元素一起变亮或一起变暗时，观察者会将这些元素归为一组。实验2和3表明，这种效应并非由于目标区域和背景区域之间存在固定的亮度差异，而是需要每个区域内亮度随时间的共同变化。这种效应与最近发现的时间同步分组线索不同，而是被认为是韦特海默最初的共同命运分组因素的扩展。亮度的共同命运，或广义共同命运，是场景分割的一个极其强大的线索，比基于固定亮度线索的分组具有巨大优势。
