Usta Sıla Nur, Avcı Emre, Oktay Ayşe Nur, Keskin Cangül
Department of Endodontics, Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye.
Department of Biochemistry, Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye.
J Endod. 2025 Aug;51(8):1081-1087. doi: 10.1016/j.joen.2025.04.011. Epub 2025 Apr 25.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of sonic (EDDY), ultrasonic (PUI), and laser (shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming [SWEEPS]) activation of chitosan-nanoparticles enriched ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) irrigation on the release of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) from dentin in regenerative endodontic treatments (RETs).
One hundred twenty extracted human teeth were prepared up to size #100 to mimic the open apex. Root canals were irrigated with 20 mL 1.5% NaOCl according to the RETs protocol. Teeth were divided into 3 main groups according to the irrigation solution (17% EDTA, 0.2% chitosan nanoparticles, and the combination of EDTA + chitosan nanoparticles) and 5 subgroups based on the activation methods (syringe-needle irrigation, Irriflex, PUI, EDDY, and SWEEPS). TGF-β1 release was measured on days 1 and 7 using ELISA. Data were analyzed with the significance level set at P < .05.
TGF-β1 release increased progressively from syringe-needle irrigation to Irriflex, PUI, EDDY, and SWEEPS, with SWEEPS achieving the highest release at both time points (P < .05). The combination of EDTA and chitosan nanoparticles yielded significantly higher TGF-β1 levels compared to EDTA or chitosan nanoparticles alone, particularly with SWEEPS and EDDY (P < .05). The percentage increase in TGF-β1 release from day 1 to day 7 was significantly higher in all activation groups (P < .05).
The combination of EDTA and chitosan nanoparticles, particularly when used with advanced irrigation activation methods such as SWEEPS and EDDY, significantly increased TGF-β1 release from dentin. These results suggest that both the choice of irrigant and activation method can influence growth factor release in RETs.
本研究旨在探讨超声（EDDY）、超声波（PUI）和激光（冲击波增强发射光声流[SWEEPS]）激活富含乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）的壳聚糖纳米颗粒冲洗液对再生性牙髓治疗（RET）中牙本质转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）释放的影响。
将120颗拔除的人牙预备至100号以模拟根尖开放。根据RET方案，用20 mL 1.5%次氯酸钠冲洗根管。根据冲洗液（17% EDTA、0.2%壳聚糖纳米颗粒以及EDTA +壳聚糖纳米颗粒的组合）将牙齿分为3个主要组，并根据激活方法（注射器针头冲洗、Irriflex、PUI、EDDY和SWEEPS）分为5个亚组。在第1天和第7天使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测量TGF-β1的释放。设定显著性水平为P <.05对数据进行分析。
从注射器针头冲洗到Irriflex、PUI、EDDY和SWEEPS，TGF-β1的释放逐渐增加，在两个时间点SWEEPS的释放量最高（P <.05）。与单独使用EDTA或壳聚糖纳米颗粒相比，EDTA和壳聚糖纳米颗粒的组合产生的TGF-β1水平显著更高，特别是在SWEEPS和EDDY组（P <.05）。在所有激活组中，从第1天到第7天TGF-β1释放的百分比增加显著更高（P <.05）。
EDTA和壳聚糖纳米颗粒的组合，特别是与SWEEPS和EDDY等先进的冲洗激活方法一起使用时，显著增加了牙本质中TGF-β1的释放。这些结果表明，冲洗液的选择和激活方法均可影响RET中生长因子的释放。
