埃塞俄比亚南部哈瓦萨市行政区接受随访的成年艾滋病毒感染者中的高血糖及其危险因素：一项横断面研究

Hyperglycaemia and Its Risk Factors Among Adults Living With HIV on Follow-Up at the Hawassa City Administration, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

作者信息

Hirigo Agete Tadewos, Yilma Daniel, Astatkie Ayalew, Debebe Zelalem

机构信息

School of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.

Center for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2025 May;8(3):e70054. doi: 10.1002/edm2.70054.

DOI:10.1002/edm2.70054

PMID:40289329

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12034571/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ethiopia implemented the universal test and treat in 2017 and later adopted dolutegravir-based regimens for people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the impact of these changes on glucose metabolism in Ethiopia remains unclear, highlighting the need for further investigation.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted in southern Ethiopia from 5 January 2023 to 30 May 2024. We included 443 adult PLWH using systematic random sampling. American Diabetes Association criteria was used to define hyperglycaemia. To identify factors associated with hyperglycaemia, binary logistic regression was used with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

RESULTS

Overall prevalence of hyperglycaemia was 24.4% (16.7% prediabetes and 7.7% diabetes mellitus [DM]). Of the participants with DM, 82.3% were newly diagnosed. Significant predictors of hyperglycaemia were age > 50 years (AOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.1-3.9), alcohol intake (AOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.02-4.2), obesity (AOR 3.2; 95% CI 1.3-7.9), high waist-hip ratio (AOR 2.6; 95% CI 1.4-5.05) and LDL-cholesterol (AOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.02-4.6). While significant predictors of DM were alcohol intake (AOR 3.0; 95% CI 1.1-8.4), co-morbidity (AOR 2.6; 95% CI 1.1-6.05), high waist circumference (AOR 7.5; 95% CI 1.3-43.3), high waist-hip ratio (AOR 4.1; 95% CI 1.02-16.2) and high triglycerides (AOR 3.2; 95% CI 1.3-7.7). Dolutegravir-based regimen was not associated with hyperglycaemia.

CONCLUSION

Hyperglycaemia prevalence among adult PLWH on antiretroviral therapy in southern Ethiopia is rising, with most diabetes cases newly identified. This emphasises the critical need for routine screening to enable early detection, prevention and management.

摘要

背景

埃塞俄比亚于2017年实施了普遍检测与治疗，并随后为艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）采用了基于多替拉韦的治疗方案。然而，这些变化对埃塞俄比亚葡萄糖代谢的影响仍不清楚，这凸显了进一步调查的必要性。

方法

于2023年1月5日至2024年5月30日在埃塞俄比亚南部进行了一项横断面研究。我们采用系统随机抽样纳入了443名成年艾滋病毒感染者。采用美国糖尿病协会标准定义高血糖。为了确定与高血糖相关的因素，使用二元逻辑回归分析，计算调整后的比值比（AOR）和95%置信区间（CI）。

结果

高血糖的总体患病率为24.4%（糖尿病前期为16.7%，糖尿病[DM]为7.7%）。在糖尿病患者中，82.3%为新诊断病例。高血糖的显著预测因素为年龄>50岁（AOR 2.1；95% CI 1.1 - 3.9）、饮酒（AOR 2.1；95% CI 1.02 - 4.2）、肥胖（AOR 3.2；95% CI 1.3 - 7.9）、高腰臀比（AOR 2.6；95% CI 1.4 - 5.05）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（AOR 2.2；95% CI 1.02 - 4.6）。而糖尿病的显著预测因素为饮酒（AOR 3.0；95% CI 1.1 - 8.4）、合并症（AOR 2.6；95% CI 1.1 - 6.05）、高腰围（AOR 7.5；95% CI 1.3 - 43.3）、高腰臀比（AOR 4.1；95% CI 1.02 - 16.2）和高甘油三酯（AOR 3.2；95% CI 1.3 - 7.7）。基于多替拉韦的治疗方案与高血糖无关。