Elenbaas R M, Frost G L, Robinson W A, Collier R E, McNabney W K, Ryan J L, Singsank M J
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1985 Jul-Aug;19(7-8):567-71. doi: 10.1177/106002808501900714.
The efficacy and side effects of subcutaneous epinephrine (E) and aerosolized metaproterenol (M) were compared in acute asthma. Adults randomly received E 0.3 mg sub-Q q20min (max 0.9 mg; n = 20) or M 15 mg in 3.0 ml NaCl 0.9% nebulized over 10 minutes (n = 20) in a double-blind fashion. Vital signs and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured every ten minutes for one hour. The two groups were comparable in age, weight, baseline theophylline concentration, PEFR, heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. PEFR improved in both groups within ten minutes (p less than 0.01; analysis of variance). There was no difference in PEFR between the groups over the one-hour observation period following treatment. Heart rate decreased following treatment in M patients (p less than 0.05), but remained unchanged in E patients. Systolic blood pressure rose slightly in E patients (p less than 0.01), but remained unchanged in M patients. Subcutaneous E and nebulized M are equally effective as initial therapy in acute asthma.
在急性哮喘中比较了皮下注射肾上腺素（E）和气雾吸入间羟异丙肾上腺素（M）的疗效及副作用。成年患者以双盲方式随机接受皮下注射E 0.3mg，每20分钟一次（最大剂量0.9mg；n = 20）或在10分钟内雾化吸入含15mg M的3.0ml 0.9%氯化钠溶液（n = 20）。每十分钟测量一次生命体征和呼气峰值流速（PEFR），共测量一小时。两组在年龄、体重、基线茶碱浓度、PEFR、心率以及收缩压和舒张压方面具有可比性。两组在十分钟内PEFR均有所改善（p < 0.01；方差分析）。治疗后一小时观察期内，两组间PEFR无差异。治疗后M组患者心率下降（p < 0.05），而E组患者心率无变化。E组患者收缩压略有升高（p < 0.01），而M组患者收缩压无变化。皮下注射E和气雾吸入M作为急性哮喘的初始治疗同样有效。
