Ruddy R M, Kolski G, Scarpa N, Wilmott R
Pediatr Pulmonol. 1986 Jul-Aug;2(4):230-6. doi: 10.1002/ppul.1950020411.
In a double-blind, randomized trial, we compared the effects of aerosolized metaproterenol to subcutaneous epinephrine in 35 episodes of acute asthma in children between 6 and 19 years of age. Patients were randomized to two parallel groups and then received both a placebo medication and an active medication to a maximum of three treatments. Repeated treatments were given to 15 patients on metaproterenol and 12 patients on epinephrine. Initial improvement in PEFR and FEV1 were statistically significant and comparable in both groups. Patients receiving a second metaproterenol treatment had more improvement in respiratory rate and clinical score compared with those in the epinephrine group. There were fewer treatment failures in the metaproterenol group. Followup at 24 to 48 hours showed significant treatment failure differences between the two groups (metaproterenol = 0, epinephrine = 5; p less than 0.05). Side effects were similar in both groups; in all instances they were mild, and their frequency did not increase in patients receiving repeated doses of medications. In conclusion, aerosolized metaproterenol was well tolerated in acute childhood asthma in repeated doses, and it appeared to be associated with prolonged bronchodilation and improved outcome.
在一项双盲随机试验中，我们比较了雾化异丙喘宁与皮下注射肾上腺素对6至19岁儿童35例急性哮喘发作的疗效。患者被随机分为两个平行组，然后接受安慰剂药物和活性药物治疗，最多进行三次治疗。15例接受异丙喘宁治疗的患者和12例接受肾上腺素治疗的患者接受了重复治疗。两组的PEFR和FEV1的初始改善在统计学上具有显著性且相当。与肾上腺素组相比，接受第二次异丙喘宁治疗的患者呼吸频率和临床评分改善更多。异丙喘宁组的治疗失败较少。24至48小时的随访显示两组之间存在显著的治疗失败差异（异丙喘宁组=0，肾上腺素组=5；p<0.05）。两组的副作用相似；在所有情况下均为轻度，且接受重复剂量药物治疗的患者副作用频率并未增加。总之，雾化异丙喘宁在儿童急性哮喘中重复给药耐受性良好，且似乎与支气管扩张时间延长和预后改善有关。
