Anandani Garima, Bhankhodia Vaishali, Dholariya Sagar
Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Rajkot, IND.
Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Rajkot, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Mar 26;17(3):e81257. doi: 10.7759/cureus.81257. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Malignancy ranks among the leading causes of mortality in both developed and developing nations. An abnormal hematological profile may serve as the initial indication of various non-hematological malignancies or solid tumors. Aims and objectives: This research aims to investigate the spectrum of hematological alterations in individuals diagnosed with non-hematological cancers, evaluate their prevalence, and determine the relationship between complete blood count results and specific types of malignancies at a tertiary care facility in Gujarat.
We compiled the retrospective data of 135 cases diagnosed with non-hematological malignancies through histopathological examination, all of whom had a CBC report and sought consultation at our hospital between January 2022 and December 2024. The CBC reports for all included cases were thoroughly analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 28.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, while categorical variables were represented as counts and percentages.
There was a male preponderance amongst cases with head and neck (HN) cancer as the most common non-hematological malignancy. Anemia was observed as an important hematological finding predominantly in female patients. Leucocytosis, neutrophilia, eosinophilia, and thrombocytosis were also identified in some cases, especially in those who were non-anemic. HN cancer and malignancies of the female genital tract demonstrated significant anemia, lung tumors had markedly elevated red blood cell counts, and breast cancer patients were associated with thrombocytosis.
The current research demonstrated a definite correlation between hematological manifestations, such as anemia, leucocytosis, and thrombocytosis, and various non-hematological malignancies. Early detection of these conditions during disease progression can significantly reduce associated morbidity and mortality, ultimately contributing to improved patient care.
在发达国家和发展中国家，恶性肿瘤都是主要的死亡原因之一。异常的血液学指标可能是各种非血液系统恶性肿瘤或实体瘤的最初迹象。目的：本研究旨在调查在古吉拉特邦一家三级医疗机构中，被诊断为非血液系统癌症的患者的血液学改变谱，评估其发生率，并确定全血细胞计数结果与特定类型恶性肿瘤之间的关系。
我们收集了135例经组织病理学检查确诊为非血液系统恶性肿瘤患者的回顾性数据，所有患者均有全血细胞计数报告，并于2022年1月至2024年12月期间在我院就诊咨询。对所有纳入病例的全血细胞计数报告进行了全面分析。使用社会科学统计软件包第28.0版（IBM公司，纽约州阿蒙克）进行统计分析。连续变量以均值±标准差表示，分类变量以计数和百分比表示。
头颈部（HN）癌是最常见的非血液系统恶性肿瘤，病例中男性居多。贫血是一项重要的血液学发现，主要见于女性患者。在一些病例中还发现了白细胞增多、嗜中性粒细胞增多、嗜酸性粒细胞增多和血小板增多，尤其是在非贫血患者中。HN癌和女性生殖道恶性肿瘤表现出明显的贫血，肺部肿瘤的红细胞计数明显升高，乳腺癌患者与血小板增多有关。
当前研究表明，贫血、白细胞增多和血小板增多等血液学表现与各种非血液系统恶性肿瘤之间存在明确的相关性。在疾病进展过程中早期发现这些情况可显著降低相关的发病率和死亡率，最终有助于改善患者护理。
