Yang Min, Cai Yongzhan, Bai Tao, Han Xiaonv, Zeng Rong, Liu Dongmei, Liu Tao, Liu Rui, Ma Chan, Yu Lei
College of Agronomy, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Qujing Branch of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company, Qujing, Yunnan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Apr 9;16:1512694. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1512694. eCollection 2025.
Tobacco root rot caused by spp. is a soil-borne vascular disease that severely affects tobacco production worldwide. To date, the community composition and functional shifts of the rhizosphere microbiome in tobacco plants infected with root rot remain poorly understood.
In this study, we analyzed the differences in the compositions and functions of the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere and root endosphere of healthy tobacco plants and tobacco with root rot using amplicon sequencing and metagenomic sequencing.
Our results showed that root rot disrupted the stability of bacteria-fungi interkingdom networks and reduced the network complexity. Compared to healthy tobacco plants, the Chao1 index of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants increased by 4.09% ( < 0.05), while the Shannon and Chao1 indices of fungal communities decreased by 13.87 and 8.17%, respectively ( < 0.05). In the root tissues of diseased plants, the Shannon index of bacterial and fungal communities decreased by 17.71-27.05% ( < 0.05). Additionally, we observed that the rhizosphere microbial community of diseased tobacco plants shifted toward a pathological combination, with a significant increase in the relative abundance of harmful microbes such as , and (89.46-921.29%) and a notable decrease in the relative abundance of beneficial microbes such as , and (48.48-81.56%). Metagenomic analysis further revealed that the tobacco rhizosphere microbial communities of diseased plants played a significant role in basic biological metabolism, energy production and conversion, signal transduction, and N metabolism, but their functions involved in C metabolism were significantly weakened. Our findings provide new insights into the changes in and interactions within the rhizosphere and root endosphere microbiomes of tobacco plants under the stress of soil-borne fungal pathogens, while laying the foundation for the exploration, development, and utilization of beneficial microbial resources in healthy tobacco plants in the future.
由[病原体名称]引起的烟草根腐病是一种土传维管束病害，严重影响全球烟草生产。迄今为止，感染根腐病的烟草植株根际微生物群落的组成和功能变化仍知之甚少。
在本研究中，我们使用扩增子测序和宏基因组测序分析了健康烟草植株以及感染根腐病的烟草植株根际和根内细菌和真菌群落的组成及功能差异。
我们的结果表明，根腐病破坏了细菌 - 真菌跨王国网络的稳定性并降低了网络复杂性。与健康烟草植株相比，患病植株根际土壤中细菌群落的Chao1指数增加了4.09%（P < 0.05），而真菌群落的Shannon指数和Chao1指数分别下降了13.87%和8.17%（P < 0.05）。在患病植株的根组织中，细菌和真菌群落的Shannon指数下降了17.71% - 27.05%（P < 0.05）。此外，我们观察到患病烟草植株的根际微生物群落向病理组合转变，有害微生物如[有害微生物名称1]、[有害微生物名称2]和[有害微生物名称3]的相对丰度显著增加（89.46% - 921.29%），而有益微生物如[有益微生物名称1]、[有益微生物名称2]和[有益微生物名称3]的相对丰度显著下降（48.48% - 81.56%）。宏基因组分析进一步表明，患病植株的烟草根际微生物群落在基本生物代谢、能量产生和转换、信号转导以及氮代谢中发挥重要作用，但其参与碳代谢的功能显著减弱。我们的研究结果为土壤传播真菌病原体胁迫下烟草植株根际和根内微生物群落的变化及相互作用提供了新的见解，同时为未来健康烟草植株中有益微生物资源的探索、开发和利用奠定了基础。
