Harrison Nicholas L, Day Arthur W, Tandogdu Zafer, Bonkat Gernot, Somani Bhaskar K
Department of Urology, Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, Merseyside, UK.
Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 11;12:20499361251328258. doi: 10.1177/20499361251328258. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and result in a significant impact on quality of life (QoL). Despite their prevalence, there seems to be a lack of evidence around patient-reported outcomes and measuring tools such as scoring systems and nomograms in UTIs. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) help us measure patient-related symptoms and their QoL.
Our literature review shows an up-to-date "atlas" of the available PROMs, nomograms and scoring systems that can help clinicians in treatment decisions and track treatment response in patients with UTIs.
Systematic review of the literature.
A comprehensive systematic review was carried out on PubMed Medline, Scopus and CINAHL, according to PRISMA guidelines, using search terms related to PROMs, nomograms and scoring systems used in simple and complicated UTIs. A narrative review was done, and tool characteristics, accuracy, validation, and applicability were collected and summarized.
Sixty-two articles (with 16 different PROMs) were included in the final review. These included generic tools such as the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and specific tools like the Acute Cystitis Symptom Score and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Impact Questionnaire, amongst others. While scoring systems seemed to be used for severe infections such as Fournier's gangrene and emphysematous pyelonephritis, nomograms were primarily used for diagnosis and risk prediction. PROMs are useful tools and have utility within the management of patients with UTIs, but further clarity is needed as to which of these tools is most appropriate for each type of UTI as each offer their respective advantages and disadvantages.
This atlas is the first comprehensive review of PROMs, scoring systems and nomograms in the management of UTIs. While PROMs improve patient care, further standardisation, external validation and accuracy are needed. While nomograms and scoring systems can help clinicians, these must be tailored to individual patients based on their specific clinical scenarios.
PROSPERO registration number CRD42025625865.
尿路感染（UTIs）很常见，对生活质量（QoL）有重大影响。尽管其发病率很高，但似乎缺乏关于患者报告结局以及尿路感染中评分系统和列线图等测量工具的证据。患者报告结局测量（PROMs）有助于我们测量与患者相关的症状及其生活质量。
我们的文献综述展示了可用的PROMs、列线图和评分系统的最新“图谱”，这些可帮助临床医生做出治疗决策并跟踪尿路感染患者的治疗反应。
文献系统综述。
根据PRISMA指南，在PubMed Medline、Scopus和CINAHL上进行了全面的系统综述，使用与单纯性和复杂性尿路感染中使用的PROMs、列线图和评分系统相关的搜索词。进行了叙述性综述，并收集和总结了工具特征、准确性、验证和适用性。
最终综述纳入了62篇文章（包含16种不同的PROMs）。这些包括通用工具，如36项简短健康调查，以及特定工具，如急性膀胱炎症状评分和复发性尿路感染影响问卷等。虽然评分系统似乎用于诸如福尼尔坏疽和气肿性肾盂肾炎等严重感染，但列线图主要用于诊断和风险预测。PROMs是有用的工具，在尿路感染患者的管理中具有实用性，但对于这些工具中哪一种最适合每种类型的尿路感染，还需要进一步明确，因为每种工具都有其各自的优缺点。
本图谱是对尿路感染管理中PROMs、评分系统和列线图的首次全面综述。虽然PROMs改善了患者护理，但还需要进一步的标准化、外部验证和准确性。虽然列线图和评分系统可以帮助临床医生，但必须根据个体患者的具体临床情况进行调整。
PROSPERO注册号CRD42025625865。
