Barut Cagatay, Ogut Eren, Sarikaya Asli Dogan, Sevinc Ozdemir
School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Anthropology, Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Türkiye.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2025 Apr 28. doi: 10.1007/s00266-025-04857-1.
Facial asymmetry is a commonly observed phenomenon in human anatomy, with individuals displaying subtle variations between the left and right sides of their face. This study aimed to evaluate facial asymmetry in relation to hand preference and gender.
Anthropometric facial measurements were conducted on 147 female and 150 male volunteers aged 19-42 years. Standard facial photographs taken from the front in the Frankfort horizontal plane were used to digitally perform 16 linear measurements (8 on the right side and 8 on the left side). All measurements were performed using the AutoCAD program. An asymmetry index was calculated using the (R-L)(R+L)×100. The significance of differences between means was tested to evaluate the index values according to sex and hand preference.
Based on the comparison of asymmetry index values between 221 right-handed and 76 left-handed individuals, no statistically significant differences were found across all eight indices. Multiple regression analysis further confirmed that there was no significant relationship between the asymmetry index values and either gender or hand preference.
This study contributes important evidence to the field, showing that facial asymmetry is generally independent of gender and hand preference, and that minor asymmetries are a natural part of human anatomy. Unlike earlier studies that implied stronger connections between handedness or sex and asymmetry, this research emphasizes that facial asymmetry is a stable characteristic across diverse groups.
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
面部不对称是人体解剖学中常见的现象，每个人面部的左右两侧都存在细微差异。本研究旨在评估与用手偏好和性别相关的面部不对称情况。
对147名年龄在19至42岁之间的女性志愿者和150名年龄在19至42岁之间的男性志愿者进行面部人体测量。使用在法兰克福水平面从正面拍摄的标准面部照片，通过数字方式进行16项线性测量（右侧8项，左侧8项）。所有测量均使用AutoCAD程序进行。使用（R-L）/（R+L）×100计算不对称指数。根据性别和用手偏好对指数值进行均值差异显著性检验，以评估这些指数值。
基于对221名右利手个体和76名左利手个体的不对称指数值进行比较，在所有八项指数中均未发现统计学上的显著差异。多元回归分析进一步证实，不对称指数值与性别或用手偏好之间均无显著关系。
本研究为该领域提供了重要证据，表明面部不对称通常与性别和用手偏好无关，轻微的不对称是人体解剖学的自然组成部分。与早期暗示利手或性别与不对称之间有更强联系的研究不同，本研究强调面部不对称是不同群体中一种稳定的特征。
证据水平IV：本刊要求作者为每篇文章指定证据水平。有关这些循证医学评级的完整描述，请参阅目录或在线作者指南www.springer.com/00266 。
