Madar Umesh, Bhat Shivanand S, Shinde Smita, Thangadurai Devarajan, Chippalakatti Pavitra, Banapurmath N R, Badruddin Irfan Anjum, Kamangar Sarfaraz
Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
Smt. Indira Gandhi Govt. First Grade Women's College, Sagar, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 28;15(1):14866. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-93271-3.
Wild edible plants significantly contribute to the diets and nutrition of rural communities in many countries. Tetrastigma spp are well-known for their ethno medicinal, nutritional and culinary importance in the rural communities. It is important to put it under scientific investigation to provide deep understanding on the biochemical composition to reveal its importance in commercializing the fruits, open up new economic opportunities for smallholder farmers and rural communities by diversifying income sources and reducing reliance on a few major crops and also influence food crisis under circumstances. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the nutritional properties, mineral content, and antioxidant activities of the pericarp of Tetrastigma leucostaphylum (Dennst.) Alston, an underutilized plant species. Pericarp analysis revealed high moisture content of 80.71%, with 0.096% fat, 1.20% protein, 12.50% carbohydrate, 1.15% ash, and 3.85% of fiber. Mineral analysis showed that pericarp contain significant amounts of essential minerals, among major elements, calcium being highest (42.53 mg/g) DW, nitrogen (10.03 mg/g DW), 9.03 mg/g DW of magnesium, and phosphorous (0.05 mg/g DW). Additionally, microelement iron found to be 1.01 µg/g DW. The study quantified anti-nutritional factors like phytate, and oxalate, 0.88 mg/g FW and 9.45 mg/g FW respectively. Phytochemical extraction was done using polar solvents revealing methanol as most effective solvent tested parameters. The methanol extract contains 7.12 mg GAE/g DW of total phenolics, 6.78 mg QE/g DW of flavonoids, and 0.78 mg BE/g DW of alkaloids. Among the antioxidant assays, DPPH assay showed highest activity in methanolic extract, with 17.13 mg AAE/g DW, followed by total antioxidant capacity at 13.55 mg AAE/g DW and FRAP at 7.56 mg AAE/g DW. In conclusion, the pericarp of Tetrastigma leucostaphylum fruit is rich in nutrients, essential minerals, and antioxidants, highlighting their potential as valuable food supplements.
在许多国家，野生可食用植物对农村社区的饮食和营养有显著贡献。崖爬藤属植物在农村社区因其民族药用、营养和烹饪价值而闻名。对其进行科学研究很重要，以便深入了解其生化成分，揭示其果实商业化的重要性，通过使收入来源多样化和减少对少数几种主要作物的依赖，为小农户和农村社区开辟新的经济机会，并在某些情况下对粮食危机产生影响。因此，本研究旨在调查白茎崖爬藤（Tetrastigma leucostaphylum (Dennst.) Alston）这种未充分利用的植物物种果皮的营养特性、矿物质含量和抗氧化活性。果皮分析显示其水分含量高，达80.71%，脂肪含量为0.096%，蛋白质含量为1.20%，碳水化合物含量为12.50%，灰分含量为1.15%，纤维含量为3.85%。矿物质分析表明，果皮含有大量必需矿物质，在主要元素中，钙含量最高（42.53毫克/克干重），氮（10.03毫克/克干重），镁含量为9.03毫克/克干重，磷含量为（0.05毫克/克干重）。此外，微量元素铁含量为1.01微克/克干重。该研究对植酸盐和草酸盐等抗营养因子进行了量化，分别为0.88毫克/克鲜重和9.45毫克/克鲜重。使用极性溶剂进行植物化学提取，结果表明甲醇是测试参数中最有效的溶剂。甲醇提取物中总酚含量为7.12毫克没食子酸当量/克干重，黄酮类化合物含量为6.78毫克槲皮素当量/克干重，生物碱含量为0.78毫克贝母碱当量/克干重。在抗氧化试验中，DPPH试验显示甲醇提取物的活性最高，为17.13毫克抗坏血酸当量/克干重，其次是总抗氧化能力，为13.55毫克抗坏血酸当量/克干重，FRAP值为7.56毫克抗坏血酸当量/克干重。总之，白茎崖爬藤果实的果皮富含营养、必需矿物质和抗氧化剂，突出了它们作为有价值的食品补充剂的潜力。
