Erdin Mert, Smura Teemu, Kalkan Kursat Kenan, Cetintas Ortac, Cogal Muhsin, Irmak Sercan, Matur Ferhat, Polat Ceylan, Sironen Tarja, Sozen Mustafa, Oktem Ibrahim Mehmet Ali
Department of Virology, Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Npj Viruses. 2024 Dec 4;2(1):62. doi: 10.1038/s44298-024-00072-y.
Orthohantavirus tulaense (TULV) is a member of the orthohantavirus genus and distributed in Europe and Asia. To shed light on TULV epidemiology and evolution, we trapped wild rodents from eastern Turkiye and found 15 TULV positive rodents. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the presence of diverse TULV strains. Global phylogenetic characterization suggested 5 distinct TULV lineages. Global phylogeographic reconstruction estimated different rooting times for each three segments, a potential ancestor location in Eastern Black Sea region, and strongly supported phylogeographic structure with 11 clusters. Dispersal velocity of TULV was estimated to be much faster than some other orthohantaviruses. Eastern Black Sea seemed to have lineages evolving faster and genetically closer to proto-Tula virus. Host switching estimates suggested potential switching events from Microtus arvalis to M. obscurus to M. irani with host-dependent sub-clustering within geographic clusters and suggested substantial evidence for no clear virus jumps from M. arvalis to M. irani.
图拉汉坦病毒（TULV）是汉坦病毒属的成员，分布于欧洲和亚洲。为了阐明TULV的流行病学和进化情况，我们在土耳其东部捕获了野生啮齿动物，发现了15只TULV阳性啮齿动物。测序和系统发育分析证实了多种TULV毒株的存在。全球系统发育特征表明存在5个不同的TULV谱系。全球系统发育地理学重建估计了每个三个片段的不同生根时间、黑海东部地区的一个潜在祖先位置，并有力支持了具有11个簇的系统发育地理结构。估计TULV的传播速度比其他一些汉坦病毒快得多。黑海东部似乎有进化更快且在基因上更接近原始图拉病毒的谱系。宿主转换估计表明，存在从田鼠到暗田鼠再到伊朗田鼠的潜在转换事件，在地理簇内存在宿主依赖性亚聚类，并且有大量证据表明没有明显的病毒从田鼠跳跃到伊朗田鼠。
