Haberl Christina, Schirwani-Hartl Nawa, Palmrich Pilar, Oblin Valentina, Heinzl Florian, Perkmann-Nagele Nicole, Binder Julia
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025 Apr 28;25(1):512. doi: 10.1186/s12884-025-07575-3.
Implemented public health measures to avoid the spread of SARS-CoV-2, influenced the circulation of various viral infections including parvovirus B19. Notably, pregnancies affected by parvovirus B19 have a high risk for severe fetal anemia and fetal demise. This study evaluates changes in parvovirus infection rates after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
This was a retrospective cohort-study assessing the prevalence of parvovirus B19 among pregnant women at a tertiary referral center in Austria from January 2013 to December 2023 with particular interest in the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on infection rates of parvovirus B19. Women who had PCR testing for parvovirus due to suspicion of infection were included in this study. To compare infection rates before, during, and after the pandemic, three study groups were defined in concordance with Austrian public health measures: A pre-pandemic group (Group 1) including all pregnant women who tested for parvovirus B19 from January 2013 to the beginning of the COVID-19 lockdown in March 2020, a pandemic group (Group 2) including all patients who had PCR testing during the COVID-19 lockdown and a post-pandemic group (Group 3) including all patients who had PCR testing from the end of the pandemic in April 2023 to December 2023.
A total of 251 pregnant women who had PCR testing for parvovirus B19 during the study period were identified, including 27 women with a positive test result. In the pre-pandemic group (n = 141) 14 women had a positive test result, in the pandemic group (n = 83) 3 women tested positive and in the post-pandemic group (n = 27) 10 women tested positive. The overall prevalence of parvovirus B19 was 0.108, and annually, it varies from 0.000 in 2021 to 0.355 in 2023. Considering the predefined study groups, the highest prevalence was demonstrated in the post-pandemic group (0.370), whereas the lowest was in the pandemic group (0.036). In the pre-pandemic group, the prevalence was 0.099. Prevalence of the predefined study groups differed significantly (p ≤ 0.001).
This study demonstrates a significant rise of parvovirus B19 infections among pregnant women after the COVID-19 pandemic indicating a major impact of the pandemic and associated public health measures on parvovirus B19 infection rates.
实施公共卫生措施以避免严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）传播，这影响了包括细小病毒B19在内的各种病毒感染的传播。值得注意的是，受细小病毒B19感染的孕妇发生严重胎儿贫血和胎儿死亡的风险很高。本研究评估了SARS-CoV-2大流行后细小病毒感染率的变化。
这是一项回顾性队列研究，评估2013年1月至2023年12月奥地利一家三级转诊中心孕妇中细小病毒B19的流行情况，特别关注2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行对细小病毒B19感染率的影响。因怀疑感染而接受细小病毒PCR检测的女性被纳入本研究。为了比较大流行前、期间和之后的感染率，根据奥地利公共卫生措施定义了三个研究组：大流行前组（第1组）包括2013年1月至2020年3月COVID-19封锁开始前所有接受细小病毒B19检测的孕妇；大流行组（第2组）包括所有在COVID-19封锁期间接受PCR检测的患者；大流行后组（第3组）包括所有在2023年4月大流行结束至2023年12月期间接受PCR检测的患者。
在研究期间，共确定了251名接受细小病毒B19 PCR检测的孕妇，其中27名检测结果呈阳性。在大流行前组（n = 141）中，14名检测结果呈阳性；在大流行组（n = 83）中，3名检测呈阳性；在大流行后组（n = 27）中，10名检测呈阳性。细小病毒B19的总体患病率为0.108，每年有所不同，从2021年的0.000到2023年的0.355。考虑到预先定义的研究组，大流行后组的患病率最高（0.370），而大流行组最低（0.036）。在大流行前组中，患病率为0.099。预先定义的研究组的患病率差异显著（p≤0.001）。
本研究表明，COVID-19大流行后孕妇中细小病毒B19感染显著增加，表明该大流行及相关公共卫生措施对细小病毒B19感染率有重大影响。
Zotero 插件
