Yang Yang, Ying Li, Wang Dong, Wang Zhipeng, Zhao Jiantuo, Hao Yanshuang, Ji Yuanchao, Ren Xiaobing
Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710126, China.
Adv Mater. 2025 Jul;37(27):e2419325. doi: 10.1002/adma.202419325. Epub 2025 Apr 29.
Piezoelectric materials with a high piezoelectric coefficient (d) and high mechanical quality factor (Q) are vital for advanced high-power applications. However, achieving this combination is challenging, particularly for lead-free piezoelectrics, because a high d value relies on mobile domain walls, which increase dissipative losses and reduce Q. In this study, this longstanding trade-off is overcome by introducing defect dipoles (via Mn doping) into the quadruple point (QP) composition of the lead-free Ba(Sn, Ti)O system. The resultant 0.5%Mn-doped Ba(SnTi)O (BST-0.5%Mn) ceramic exhibits a high d value of 710 pC/N and high Q value of 929, while the BST-1%Mn ceramic achieves a d value of 614 pC/N and Q value of 1138. These values represent a 10-fold increase in Q and 1.6-fold increase in d for BST-0.5%Mn, compared to those for undoped BST. High-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and phase-field simulations reveal that the enhanced d and Q are attributable to the coexistence of multiple phases of QPs with symmetry-conforming defect dipoles, challenging the long-held notion of physical incompatibility between high d and high Q. These findings offer a pathway for designing eco-friendly piezoelectric materials with unprecedented performance, paving the way for sustainable and efficient high-power applications.
具有高压电系数（d）和高机械品质因数（Q）的压电材料对于先进的高功率应用至关重要。然而，实现这种组合具有挑战性，特别是对于无铅压电材料而言，因为高d值依赖于可移动的畴壁，这会增加耗散损耗并降低Q值。在本研究中，通过将缺陷偶极子（通过Mn掺杂）引入无铅Ba(Sn,Ti)O体系的四重简并点（QP）组成中来克服这种长期存在的权衡。所得的0.5%Mn掺杂的Ba(SnTi)O（BST-0.5%Mn）陶瓷表现出710 pC/N的高d值和929的高Q值，而BST-1%Mn陶瓷实现了614 pC/N的d值和1138的Q值。与未掺杂的BST相比，这些值代表BST-0.5%Mn的Q值增加了10倍，d值增加了1.6倍。高分辨率扫描透射电子显微镜和相场模拟表明，d和Q的增强归因于具有对称匹配缺陷偶极子的QP多相共存，这挑战了长期以来关于高d和高Q之间物理不相容性的观念。这些发现为设计具有前所未有的性能的环保型压电材料提供了一条途径，为可持续和高效的高功率应用铺平了道路。
