德国社区药房顾客对用药评估的态度和期望：一项横断面研究。
Attitudes and expectations toward medication review among community pharmacy customers in Germany: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Vogt Cathrin J, Wiegand Annika, Trajkov Kire, Metzner Michael, Wurmbach Viktoria S, Braem Anja, Seidling Hanna M
机构信息
Heidelberg University, Medical Faculty Heidelberg / Heidelberg University Hospital, Internal Medicine IX - Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Cooperation Unit Clinical Pharmacy, Germany.
Post-Apotheke Braunlage, Braunlage, Germany.
出版信息
J Pharm Policy Pract. 2025 Apr 25;18(1):2490572. doi: 10.1080/20523211.2025.2490572. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND
Since knowledge about customers' attitudes towards medication reviews in community pharmacies is limited, the objective of this study was to gain insight into customers' perceived facilitators and barriers to participate in this service, with the aim of identifying areas to facilitate the implementation process.
METHODS
In spring 2024, we conducted a prospective, questionnaire-based survey for a total of 58 days. All customers (≥18 years) in 3 pharmacies in Germany, regardless of whether they were eligible for medication reviews or not, were approached during their pharmacy visit in person and invited to complete the tablet-based questionnaire on-site. The pilot-tested, multilingual questionnaire covered socio-demographic-data and customers' attitudes towards medication reviews. Potential benefits of medication reviews were rated regarding their perceived importance on a 3-point-Likert-scale (0 = not important, 1 = important, 2 = very important). A mean score was calculated for each benefit. Data were analyzed descriptively and binary logistic regression analyses were applied to explore associations of selected predictors with awareness of medication reviews or expected benefits.
RESULTS
A total of 1561 pharmacy customers participated, with 59.2% (interquartile range (IQR): 17.9%) of patients being approached daily. Awareness of medication reviews was low (18.0%, = 281/1561), whereby female participants (odds ratio (OR): 1.211 (0.914-1.603)) and those who request pharmacies' consultation services (OR: 1.020 (1.012-1.029) were more likely to know it. Key expectations towards benefits included better knowledge of medicines (mean score: 1.4 ± 0.7), fewer side-effects (1.4 ± 0.7) and fewer problems with their medication (e.g. interactions; 1.3 ± 0.7). No difference was found for prior awareness of medication reviews in terms of benefit expectations.
CONCLUSION
Gaining knowledge and improving medication safety through a medication review is most valuable to customers. By clearly explaining the purpose and expected benefits of medication reviews, the outreach and impact could be increased. German Clinical Trials Register identifier: DRKS00032446.
背景
由于社区药房顾客对用药评估态度的相关知识有限，本研究旨在深入了解顾客参与此项服务的感知促进因素和障碍，以确定有助于实施过程的领域。
方法
2024年春季，我们进行了一项前瞻性的问卷调查，共持续58天。德国3家药房的所有顾客（≥18岁），无论是否符合用药评估条件，在其药房就诊时均被当面邀请并被要求在现场完成基于平板电脑的问卷。经过预测试的多语言问卷涵盖社会人口统计学数据以及顾客对用药评估的态度。用药评估的潜在益处根据其感知重要性在3点李克特量表上进行评分（0 =不重要，1 =重要，2 =非常重要）。为每个益处计算平均分。对数据进行描述性分析，并应用二元逻辑回归分析来探索选定预测因素与用药评估意识或预期益处之间的关联。
结果
共有1561名药房顾客参与，每天接触的患者比例为59.2%（四分位间距（IQR）：17.9%）。用药评估的知晓率较低（18.0%，= 281/1561），其中女性参与者（优势比（OR）：1.211（0.914 - 1.603））以及那些寻求药房咨询服务的人（OR：1.020（1.012 - 1.029））更有可能知晓。对益处的主要期望包括更好地了解药物（平均分：1.4 ± 0.7）、更少的副作用（1.4 ± 0.7）以及用药方面的问题更少（例如相互作用；1.3 ± 0.7）。在益处期望方面，用药评估的先前知晓情况未发现差异。
结论
通过用药评估获取知识并提高用药安全性对顾客最为有价值。通过清晰解释用药评估的目的和预期益处，可以提高宣传范围和影响。德国临床试验注册标识符：DRKS00032446。
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