She Yongchuan, Tang Yi, Sun Yan, Ren Yu, Liu Zhai, Zhou Yibo
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Changsha Eighth Hospital), Changsha 410000, Hunan, China.
Noise Health. 2025;27(125):135-139. doi: 10.4103/nah.nah_174_24. Epub 2025 Apr 29.
This study investigated the prevalence of functional hearing loss (FHL) in Chinese adults and analyzed the associated risk factors.
In this cross-sectional study, 192 middle-aged and elderly people who underwent audiological examinations at Changsha Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January to August 2024 were included. Eighty-two patients with FHL were included in the FHL group, and 112 subjects without FHL were included in the normal group. The demographic data, medical history, living habits, noise level of the living environment, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores were compared between the two groups, and factors with significant differences were selected as independent variables for multivariate logistic regression. Then, a risk prediction model for FHL was established according to independent risk factors, and the efficacy of this prediction model was verified by the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Logistic regression analysis indicated that age, hypertension, noisy living environment, and MMSE score were independent risk factors that affected the prevalence of FHL (P < 0.05). The established risk prediction model for FHL had an area under the curve of 0.830 (cutoff value: 0.362, sensitivity: 84.15%, specificity: 72.32%).
Old age, hypertension, noisy living environment, and cognitive impairment are risk factors for FHL. In future clinical practice, the prevalence of FHL can be prevented by intervening and preventing the above risk factors.
本研究调查中国成年人功能性听力损失（FHL）的患病率，并分析相关危险因素。
在这项横断面研究中，纳入了2024年1月至8月在长沙市中医医院接受听力检查的192名中老年人。FHL组纳入82例FHL患者，正常组纳入112例无FHL的受试者。比较两组的人口统计学数据、病史、生活习惯、生活环境噪声水平和简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评分，将有显著差异的因素作为自变量进行多因素逻辑回归。然后，根据独立危险因素建立FHL风险预测模型，并通过受试者工作特征曲线验证该预测模型的效能。
逻辑回归分析表明，年龄、高血压、嘈杂的生活环境和MMSE评分是影响FHL患病率的独立危险因素（P < 0.05）。建立的FHL风险预测模型的曲线下面积为0.830（截断值：0.362，灵敏度：84.15%，特异度：72.32%）。
老年、高血压、嘈杂的生活环境和认知障碍是FHL的危险因素。在未来的临床实践中，可通过干预和预防上述危险因素来预防FHL的患病率。
