Batinović Franko, Sunara Davor, Pleić Nikolina, Košta Vana, Gulišija Jelena, Paladin Ivan, Hrgović Zrinka, Maglica Mirko, Đogaš Zoran
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Department of Biology and Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2A, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Biomedicines. 2025 Mar 30;13(4):825. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13040825.
: The most frequent neurologic cause of recurrent vertigo is vestibular migraine (VM). However, its diagnosis relies primarily on patients' histories, as specific diagnostic tests for VM are currently lacking. We aimed to examine and compare clinical features, vestibulo-ocular reflexes (VORs), and subjective visual vertical (SVV) between the ictal (IC) and inter-ictal (II) phases in VM patients. : A repeated-measures study involved 31 patients with definite VM. Vestibular function was assessed using a video head impulse test (vHIT) to evaluate VOR results, and SVV testing to determine verticality perception. Otoneurological examination, including migraine-related disability, was noted. Analyses of repeated measures for numerical traits (SVV deviations, VOR, and clinical outcomes) were conducted using a linear mixed model (LMM), with phase, age, and sex as fixed effects and individual-specific random intercepts. Differences between the IC and II phases for dichotomous variables were analyzed using the χ2 or Fisher's exact test. : The LMM analysis revealed that SVV deviations were significantly higher ictally (IC-ly) (β = 0.678, = 1.51 × 10) than interictally (II-ly). VOR results remained normal across phases ( > 0.05), and refixation saccades did not differ significantly based on vHIT results ( > 0.05). Nausea (100% vs. 38.71%, = 6.591 × 10), photophobia (100% vs. 35.48%, = 1.839 × 10), and phonophobia (90.32% vs. 6.45%, = 9.336 × 10) were significantly more frequent IC-ly than II-ly. : Our findings highlight phase-dependent alterations in spatial orientation, with increased SVV deviations IC-ly despite stable VOR. The significant differences in migraine-associated symptoms reinforce the dynamic nature of VM. These results emphasize the importance of timing in vestibular assessments and suggest that SVV testing during IC VM episodes may enhance diagnostic accuracy.
复发性眩晕最常见的神经学病因是前庭性偏头痛(VM)。然而,其诊断主要依赖于患者的病史,因为目前缺乏针对VM的特异性诊断测试。我们旨在检查和比较VM患者发作期(IC)和发作间期(II)的临床特征、前庭眼反射(VOR)和主观视觉垂直(SVV)。
一项重复测量研究纳入了31例确诊为VM的患者。使用视频头脉冲试验(vHIT)评估前庭功能以评价VOR结果,并进行SVV测试以确定垂直感知。记录耳神经学检查结果,包括与偏头痛相关的残疾情况。对数值性状(SVV偏差、VOR和临床结果)的重复测量分析采用线性混合模型(LMM),将阶段、年龄和性别作为固定效应,个体特异性随机截距作为随机效应。对于二分变量,采用χ2检验或Fisher精确检验分析IC期和II期之间的差异。
LMM分析显示,发作期(IC期)的SVV偏差显著高于发作间期(II期)(β = 0.678,P = 1.51 × 10)。各阶段的VOR结果均保持正常(P > 0.05),基于vHIT结果的重新注视扫视无显著差异(P > 0.05)。恶心(100% 对38.71%,P = 6.591 × 10)、畏光(100% 对35.48%,P = 1.839 × 10)和畏声(90.32% 对6.45%,P = 9.336 × 10)在发作期(IC期)比发作间期(II期)明显更常见。
我们的研究结果突出了空间定向的阶段依赖性改变,尽管VOR稳定,但发作期(IC期)的SVV偏差增加。偏头痛相关症状的显著差异强化了VM的动态性质。这些结果强调了前庭评估中时间的重要性,并表明在发作期VM发作期间进行SVV测试可能提高诊断准确性。