van der Weiden Goran S, Meij Björn P, van de Belt Amy, Custers Roel J H, Both Sanne K, Karperien Marcel, Mastbergen Simon C
Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Biomedicines. 2025 Apr 9;13(4):913. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13040913.
: In the original canine groove model of osteoarthritis (OA), superficial scratches to the cartilage lead to slow progressive cartilage damage, with inflammation mimicking key aspects of human disease. The present study assesses a modified canine groove model with full-thickness cartilage grooves, gouged with a 3-mm biopsy punch, in the femoral condyles. This modified model enables the study of cartilage repair techniques, such as scaffold implantation. Cartilage defects were induced in the right knee of five dogs (four females, one male; 17 ± 4 months; 25.9 ± 2.0 kg) using the modified groove model, creating two full-thickness cartilage grooves on the femoral condyles. Data of a previously studied cohort of nine dogs (nine females; 18 ± 6 months; 17.6 ± 0.7 kg) with OA induced according to the original groove model served as the canine OA standard. Both groups were monitored up to 45 weeks post-surgery. Pain/function was assessed by force plate analysis, and cartilage integrity, chondrocyte activity, and synovial inflammation were evaluated on the surgically untouched tibial plateaus by macroscopic, histologic, and biochemical analyses. Force plate analysis showed no significant changes in either group. Both models exhibited OA features. Experimental knees had more macroscopic and histologic damage, reduced proteoglycan content, and impaired retention of proteoglycans than controls. The modified groove model had less severe cartilage damage and synovial inflammation ( = 0.026, = 0.017), with no other significant differences. : The modified groove model induces OA at a slow pace, mirroring post-traumatic OA development in humans. It represents a mild OA model, comparable to the original groove model, and may be useful for evaluating cartilage repair strategies, such as scaffold implantation.
在最初的犬骨关节炎（OA）沟模型中，对软骨进行表面刮擦会导致软骨缓慢进行性损伤，炎症模拟人类疾病的关键特征。本研究评估了一种改良的犬沟模型，该模型在股骨髁上用3毫米活检冲头制作全层软骨沟。这种改良模型能够研究软骨修复技术，如支架植入。使用改良沟模型在5只犬（4只雌性，1只雄性；17±4个月；25.9±2.0千克）的右膝诱导软骨缺损，在股骨髁上制作两个全层软骨沟。先前根据原始沟模型诱导OA的9只犬（9只雌性；18±6个月；17.6±0.7千克）队列的数据作为犬OA标准。两组均术后监测至45周。通过测力板分析评估疼痛/功能，并通过宏观、组织学和生化分析在未手术的胫骨平台上评估软骨完整性、软骨细胞活性和滑膜炎症。测力板分析显示两组均无显著变化。两种模型均表现出OA特征。与对照组相比，实验性膝关节有更多的宏观和组织学损伤、蛋白聚糖含量降低以及蛋白聚糖保留受损。改良沟模型的软骨损伤和滑膜炎症较轻（P = 0.026，P = 0.017），无其他显著差异。改良沟模型以缓慢的速度诱导OA，反映了人类创伤后OA的发展。它代表了一种轻度OA模型，与原始沟模型相当，可能有助于评估软骨修复策略，如支架植入。
