Luo Chaosheng, Wang Xiaotan, Ding Huiqiong, Yang Siyin, Dong Yan
College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory for Improving Quality and Productivity of Arable Land of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2025 May 14;73(19):11573-11585. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00068. Epub 2025 Apr 29.
Unique rhizosphere metabolites, such as benzoxazinoids (BXs), are secreted by cereal crops, such as wheat, which influence the rhizosphere microbiota and affect the growth of offspring crops. However, the feedback effect of this microbiota interaction on the rhizosphere environment of neighboring intercropped plants and their growth performance remains unclear. This study combined pot and field experiments to explore the intercropping system between wheat (IW) and fava bean (IF). Compared with monoculture wheat (MW), IF significantly increased BXs release from wheat roots and enhanced BXs synthesis in both wheat leaves and roots. BXs not only drove changes in the diversity and richness of the rhizosphere microbiota in wheat but also altered the microbiota composition in the IF rhizosphere through horizontal transfer. Actinomycota, the dominant bacterial phylum, was strongly influenced by BXs in the rhizosphere of IF, showing a positive correlation with Pseudomonadota. In terms of fungi, BXs promoted the enrichment of in IW and IF while inhibiting the growth of and . The BXs-driven rhizosphere effect enhanced enzyme activities, including CAT, urease, sucrase, and neutral phosphatase, in IW and IF rhizosphere soil. These changes improved both aboveground (plant height, leaf length, and fresh weight) and belowground (root length and root weight) growth as well as crop grain yield. In conclusion, this study demonstrates for the first time that BXs secreted by wheat roots promote positive feedback interactions in the fava bean rhizosphere, improving soil enzyme activities and overall plant performance in a wheat-fava bean intercropping system.
独特的根际代谢产物，如苯并恶嗪类化合物（BXs），由小麦等谷类作物分泌，影响根际微生物群并影响后代作物的生长。然而，这种微生物群相互作用对相邻间作植物根际环境及其生长性能的反馈作用仍不清楚。本研究结合盆栽和田间试验，探索小麦（IW）和蚕豆（IF）间作系统。与单作小麦（MW）相比，IF显著增加了小麦根中BXs的释放，并增强了小麦叶片和根中BXs的合成。BXs不仅推动了小麦根际微生物群多样性和丰富度的变化，还通过水平转移改变了IF根际的微生物群组成。放线菌门作为主要细菌门，在IF根际受到BXs的强烈影响，与假单胞菌门呈正相关。在真菌方面，BXs促进了IW和IF中 的富集，同时抑制了 和 的生长。BXs驱动的根际效应增强了IW和IF根际土壤中的酶活性，包括CAT、脲酶、蔗糖酶和中性磷酸酶。这些变化改善了地上部分（株高、叶长和鲜重）和地下部分（根长和根重）的生长以及作物籽粒产量。总之，本研究首次证明小麦根部分泌的BXs促进了蚕豆根际的正反馈相互作用，改善了小麦 - 蚕豆间作系统中的土壤酶活性和整体植物性能。
