Li Wenbo, Yu Ziwen, Xu Shuai, Li Zheng, Xia Weiliang
School of Biomedical Engineering & Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Depart. of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2025;1469:375-394. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-82990-1_16.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication in spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and age-related pathophysiological processes within the male reproductive system. These EVs exhibit promising prospects for disease diagnosis and therapeutic administration. This review explores the impact of advanced paternal age on male fertility and testosterone decline, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms. It highlights the decline in semen quality, DNA damage, and alterations in sperm miRNA profiles associated with aging. The interplay between oxidative stress and antioxidants crucially regulates male reproductive aging. Currently, most studies focus on Sertoli cell-derived EVs, while understanding of Leydig cell-derived vesicles remains limited. Multi-omics integration will enhance the understanding of male reproductive aging and guide personalized interventions, revealing potential biomarkers and targets in the future.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是男性生殖系统中精子发生、类固醇生成以及与年龄相关的病理生理过程中细胞间通讯的关键介质。这些细胞外囊泡在疾病诊断和治疗给药方面展现出广阔前景。本综述探讨了父亲高龄对男性生育能力和睾酮水平下降的影响，揭示其潜在机制。它强调了与衰老相关的精液质量下降、DNA损伤以及精子微小RNA谱的改变。氧化应激与抗氧化剂之间的相互作用对男性生殖衰老起着至关重要的调节作用。目前，大多数研究集中在支持细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡，而对睾丸间质细胞衍生的囊泡的了解仍然有限。多组学整合将加深对男性生殖衰老的理解，并指导个性化干预，为未来揭示潜在的生物标志物和靶点。
