Tamir Tadesse Tarik, Tekeba Berhan, Mekonen Enyew Getaneh, Gebrehana Deresse Abebe, Zegeye Alebachew Ferede
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2025 Apr 29;19(1):48. doi: 10.1186/s13034-025-00879-4.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a significant mental health concern affecting children and adolescents, often resulting from exposure to traumatic events such as violence, natural disasters, or abuse. A substantial number of children and adolescents experience these traumatic events; however, the reported prevalence of PTSD in this population varies widely across systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This umbrella review aims to synthesize findings from multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses to provide a comprehensive estimate of PTSD prevalence and identify key risk factors associated with the disorder.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted across several databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and others, using the COCOPOP framework. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between January 1, 2014, and December 1, 2024, were included. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently and analyzed using Stata 17 with a random-effects meta-analysis model.
A total of twelve studies were included, with a combined sample size of 121,333 participants. The pooled prevalence estimate for PTSD among children and adolescents was found to be 25% (95% CI: 20-30%), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 99.9%). Subgroup analyses indicated variations in prevalence based on publication year and the number of primary studies included in the systematic reviews. Key risk factors identified included older age, female gender, low social support, feelings of entrapment, and experiencing bereavement.
The prevalence of PTSD among children and adolescents exposed to trauma is notably high. Key contributing factors include older age, female gender, low social support, feelings of entrapment, and experiencing bereavement. Targeted interventions focusing on these risk factors, such as enhancing social support systems and providing early mental health interventions, are essential to improve outcomes for this vulnerable population. Further research is needed to refine these strategies and ensure they effectively meet the needs of children and adolescents affected by trauma.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是一个严重的心理健康问题，影响着儿童和青少年，通常由接触暴力、自然灾害或虐待等创伤性事件引起。大量儿童和青少年经历过这些创伤性事件；然而，在系统评价和荟萃分析中，该人群中PTSD的报告患病率差异很大。本伞状评价旨在综合多项系统评价和荟萃分析的结果，以全面估计PTSD患病率，并确定与该疾病相关的关键风险因素。
使用COCOPOP框架在多个数据库中进行了全面的文献检索，包括PubMed、Scopus、EMBASE等。纳入2014年1月1日至2024年12月1日期间发表的系统评价和荟萃分析。数据由两名评审员独立提取，并使用Stata 17和随机效应荟萃分析模型进行分析。
共纳入12项研究，合并样本量为121333名参与者。儿童和青少年中PTSD的合并患病率估计为25%（95%CI：20 - 30%），存在显著异质性（I² = 99.9%）。亚组分析表明，患病率因发表年份和系统评价中纳入的原始研究数量而异。确定的关键风险因素包括年龄较大、女性、社会支持低、受困感和经历丧亲之痛。
遭受创伤的儿童和青少年中PTSD的患病率显著较高。关键促成因素包括年龄较大、女性、社会支持低、受困感和经历丧亲之痛。针对这些风险因素的有针对性干预措施，如加强社会支持系统和提供早期心理健康干预，对于改善这一弱势群体的结局至关重要。需要进一步研究来完善这些策略，并确保它们有效地满足受创伤儿童和青少年的需求。
