Carpallo-Porcar Beatriz, Calvo Sandra, Pérez-Palomares Sara, Blázquez-Pérez Laura, Brandín-de la Cruz Natalia, Jiménez-Sánchez Carolina
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain.
IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.
Health Expect. 2025 Jun;28(3):e70283. doi: 10.1111/hex.70283.
Home‑based rehabilitation has emerged as a practical solution for post‑acute phase COVID‑19 recovery, but patient perspectives on the different modalities remain underexplored.
To explore participants' perceptions and experiences after a 12‑week multimodal rehabilitation program delivered via asynchronous telerehabilitation versus a booklet after discharge and to identify the preferred format.
Qualitative descriptive study with two face‑to-face focus groups of post-discharge COVID-19 patients (n = 12; age range 41-75 years; 50% female; with fatigue > 4 on the Fatigue Severity Scale) that included participants from each intervention arm of a randomised pilot study. Semi‑structured interviews to determine patients' perceptions and experiences were recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded independently by two researchers using inductive thematic analysis.
Three overarching themes emerged from the analysis: (1) Facilitators for engagement and adherence: Innovative digital tools and personalised guidance foster active participation by providing flexible access and systematic progress monitoring; (2) Barriers to sustained participation: Technological issues, physical limitations and fluctuating motivation serve as critical impediments, underscoring the potential benefits of hybrid intervention models; and (3) Therapeutic alliance as support: A robust, individualised therapeutic relationship enhances patient confidence and self-management, ultimately contributing to sustained empowerment and recovery.
A multimodal home-based rehabilitation program with monitoring and personalisation by the physiotherapist is rated positively by post-acute COVID-19 patients, with asynchronous telerehabilitation emerging as the preferred method. Future research should investigate long‑term adherence, clinical efficacy and scalability.
Clinialtrials.gov #NCT04794036.
Post-acute COVID-19 patients contributed to the study by actively participating in its development, specifically through describing their experiences as part of a multimodal rehabilitation program. There was no additional participation or contribution from the public to the research.
居家康复已成为新冠疫情后急性期恢复的一种切实可行的解决方案，但患者对不同康复方式的看法仍未得到充分探索。
探讨参与者在通过异步远程康复提供的为期12周的多模式康复计划与出院后使用手册康复后的认知和体验，并确定首选形式。
采用定性描述性研究，对两组出院后的新冠患者进行面对面焦点小组访谈（n = 12；年龄范围41 - 75岁；50%为女性；疲劳严重程度量表得分> 4），参与者来自一项随机试点研究的各干预组。使用归纳主题分析法，由两名研究人员记录、逐字转录并独立编码半结构化访谈，以确定患者的认知和体验。
分析得出三个总体主题：（1）参与和坚持的促进因素：创新的数字工具和个性化指导通过提供灵活的访问和系统的进展监测，促进积极参与；（2）持续参与的障碍：技术问题、身体限制和动机波动是关键障碍，凸显了混合干预模式的潜在益处；（3）作为支持的治疗联盟：稳固、个性化的治疗关系增强患者信心和自我管理能力，最终有助于持续赋能和康复。
由物理治疗师进行监测和个性化的多模式居家康复计划得到新冠疫情后急性期患者的积极评价，异步远程康复成为首选方法。未来研究应调查长期依从性、临床疗效和可扩展性。
Clinialtrials.gov #NCT04794036。
新冠疫情后急性期患者通过积极参与研究开展，特别是通过描述他们作为多模式康复计划一部分的经历，为研究做出了贡献。公众未对该研究有额外参与或贡献。
