Kaslon K W, Stein R E
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1985 Jul;9(2):165-71. doi: 10.1016/s0165-5876(85)80017-3.
The effect of chronic tracheotomy on the acquisition of voice, speech, and language skills was studied. Children with chronological ages of 16 months to 41 months were evaluated for Receptive Communication Age (RCA) and Expressive Communication Age (ECA). Results indicate a consistent deviation of (on the average) 4.8 months delay in RCA and 9 months delay in ECA. An habilitation program for early intervention in voice, speech and language stimulation is described, with follow-up data on 3 children. A progression from non-meaningful, non-vocal communication to more meaningful and functional communication is noted. The evidence indicates that, without therapeutic intervention, children with tracheotomies are at risk for delays in receptive and expressive language development, as well as deficits in oral/vocal speech and voice production.
研究了长期气管切开术对语音、言语和语言技能习得的影响。对实际年龄在16个月至41个月之间的儿童进行了接受性沟通年龄（RCA）和表达性沟通年龄（ECA）评估。结果表明，RCA平均延迟4.8个月，ECA平均延迟9个月，存在持续偏差。描述了一项针对语音、言语和语言刺激的早期干预康复计划，并给出了3名儿童的随访数据。注意到从无意义的非发声沟通向更有意义和功能性沟通的进展。证据表明，未经治疗干预，气管切开术儿童有接受性和表达性语言发育延迟以及口语/发声和语音产生缺陷的风险。
