Microrobotic swarms hold great promise for the revolution of cancer treatment. The coordination of miniaturized microrobots offers a unique approach to treating cancers at the cellular level with enhanced delivery efficiency and environmental adaptability. Prior studies have summarized the design, functionalization, and biomedical applications of microrobotic swarms. The strategies for actuation and motion control of swarms have also been introduced. In this review, we first give a detailed introduction to microrobot swarming. We then explore the design of microrobots and microrobotic swarms specifically engineered for cancer therapy, with a focus on tumor targeting, infiltration, and therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, the latest developments in active delivery methods and imaging techniques that enhance the precision of these systems are discussed. Finally, we categorize and analyze the various cancer therapies facilitated by functional microrobotic swarms, highlighting their potential to revolutionize treatment strategies for different cancer types.