Dalhaug Emilie Mass, Sanda Birgitte, Bø Kari, Brown Wendy J, Øvstedal Kaia, Brevik-Persson Sofia, Haakstad Lene A H
Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports Medicine, Oslo, Norway.
Arendal Gynekologi AS, Arendal, Norway.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2025 Apr 28;11(2):e002496. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002496. eCollection 2025.
To explore the acute effects of high-intensity interval training on fetal heart rate (FHR) and uteroplacental blood flow.
Elite (n=10) and recreational athletes (n=50) participated in an experimental laboratory study involving 5×5 min intervals of high-intensity exercise on both a treadmill and cycle ergometer, with a 4 min pause between intervals for measurement of FHR and uteroplacental blood flow. Target intensity was 17 on Borg's rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale and 90% of estimated maximal maternal heart rate (MHR).
Mean exercise intensity was 16.4 (SD 1.0) RPE and 89.4 (SD 3.8) % of MHR during running and 16.0 (SD 1.0) RPE and 84.6 (SD 5.0) % of MHR during cycling. Mean FHR was 140.9 (SD 27.4) beats per minute (bpm) during pauses between running bouts and 148.9 (SD 16.0) bpm during pauses between cycling bouts. Six cases of prolonged fetal bradycardia (<100 bpm for >3 min) occurred during running, leading to the termination of exercise. The mothers exercised at 17-18 on Borg's RPE scale and 86.4%-92.6% of MHR in these cases. All cases were normalised within 8 min of ending the protocol. There were no cases of prolonged fetal bradycardia during cycling. Exercise was terminated for three women during running and two women during cycling due to fetal tachycardia (≥180 bpm for >4 min during rest).
Despite cases of fetal bradycardia and tachycardia, our results indicate that highly active women can engage in multiple intervals of high-intensity interval training without apparent harm to fetal well-being.
探讨高强度间歇训练对胎儿心率（FHR）和子宫胎盘血流的急性影响。
精英运动员（n = 10）和业余运动员（n = 50）参与了一项实验性实验室研究，在跑步机和自行车测力计上进行5组每组5分钟的高强度运动，每组之间有4分钟的间歇时间用于测量FHR和子宫胎盘血流。目标强度为Borg自觉用力程度（RPE）量表上的17级以及估计的母亲最大心率（MHR）的90%。
跑步期间平均运动强度为RPE 16.4（标准差1.0）和MHR的89.4%（标准差3.8），骑行期间平均运动强度为RPE 16.0（标准差1.0）和MHR的84.6%（标准差5.0）。跑步组间歇期间平均FHR为每分钟140.9次（标准差27.4），骑行组间歇期间平均FHR为每分钟148.9次（标准差16.0）。跑步期间发生6例胎儿心动过缓延长（<100次/分钟持续>3分钟），导致运动终止。在这些病例中，母亲们的运动强度在Borg的RPE量表上为17 - 18级，且为MHR的86.4% - 92.6%。所有病例在方案结束后8分钟内恢复正常。骑行期间未出现胎儿心动过缓延长的病例。由于胎儿心动过速（休息时≥180次/分钟持续>4分钟），3名女性在跑步期间和2名女性在骑行期间终止了运动。
尽管存在胎儿心动过缓和心动过速的病例，但我们的结果表明，运动活跃的女性可以进行多组高强度间歇训练，而不会对胎儿健康造成明显损害。
