Dendooven Luc, Ramírez-Villanueva Daniel, Romero-Yahuitl Vanessa, Zarco-González Karla E, Hulugalle Nilantha, Heimoana Viliami, Verhulst Nele, Govaerts Bram, Navarro-Noya Yendi E
Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Cinvestav, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Australian Cotton Research Institute, Narrabri, Australia.
Environ Microbiol Rep. 2025 Jun;17(3):e13322. doi: 10.1111/1758-2229.13322.
Changes in soil characteristics due to varying farming practices can modify the structure of bacterial communities. However, it remains uncertain whether bacterial groups that break down organic material are similarly impacted. We examined changes in the bacterial community by pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA gene when young maize plants, their neutral detergent fibre fraction, or urea were applied to an Australian Vertisol. This soil was managed with either conventional tillage with continuous cotton, minimum tillage with continuous cotton, or a wheat-cotton rotation. The soil organic carbon content was 1.4 times higher in the wheat-cotton rotation than in the conventional tillage with continuous cotton treatment. Approximately 41.6% of the organic carbon was added with maize plants, and 13.1% of the neutral detergent fibre fraction was mineralized after 28 days. The application of young maize plants and the neutral detergent fibre fraction significantly altered the bacterial community and the presumed metabolic functional structure, but urea did not. Many bacterial groups, such as Streptomyces, Nocardioides, and Kribbella, and presumed metabolic functions were enriched by the application of organic material, but less so by urea. We found that a limited number of bacterial groups and presumed metabolic functions were affected in an irrigated Vertisol by the different cotton farming systems, but many were strongly affected by the application of maize plants or its neutral detergent fibre.
不同耕作方式导致的土壤特性变化会改变细菌群落的结构。然而，分解有机物质的细菌类群是否受到类似影响仍不确定。我们通过对16S rRNA基因进行焦磷酸测序，研究了向澳大利亚变性土施加嫩玉米植株、其中性洗涤纤维部分或尿素后细菌群落的变化。该土壤采用连续种植棉花的传统耕作方式、连续种植棉花的少耕方式或小麦 - 棉花轮作方式进行管理。小麦 - 棉花轮作处理的土壤有机碳含量比连续种植棉花的传统耕作方式高1.4倍。约41.6%的有机碳是随玉米植株添加的，28天后13.1%的中性洗涤纤维部分被矿化。施加嫩玉米植株和中性洗涤纤维部分显著改变了细菌群落以及推测的代谢功能结构，但尿素没有。许多细菌类群，如链霉菌属、诺卡氏菌属和克里贝拉菌属，以及推测的代谢功能因有机物质的施加而富集，但因尿素的施加而富集程度较低。我们发现，在灌溉变性土中，不同的棉花种植系统对有限数量的细菌类群和推测的代谢功能有影响，但许多细菌类群和推测的代谢功能受到玉米植株或其中性洗涤纤维施加的强烈影响。
