Jubel Jil Marie, Novak Natalija
Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Zentrum für Hauterkrankungen, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland.
Dermatologie (Heidelb). 2025 Apr 30. doi: 10.1007/s00105-025-05505-0.
The prevalence of a vegan diet has increased worldwide in recent years. The relinquishing of animal products requires adequate protein, vitamin and mineral substitutes from plant-based foods. Legumes play an important role in this context. At the same time there are an increasing number of case reports of allergic reactions after consumption of legumes.
The aim of this study was to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the allergenic potential and the relevant allergens of legumes in the context of a vegan diet.
MATERIAL/METHODS: A comprehensive literature search from the last 25 years on vegan diets and the allergens in legumes was conducted.
Peanuts and soybeans are among the well-known legumes with a high allergenic potential; however, there are also other legumes, such as lupins, lentils and peas, which can trigger severe allergic reactions. Exercise-induced anaphylaxis has also been described following the consumption of legumes.
The increased consumption of legumes in the context of a vegan diet is bringing a wider range of plant-based foods into focus, which may have potentially allergenic properties. An increase in allergic reactions to legumes is to be expected. Precise molecular IgE diagnostics are crucial to be able to assess the risk of severe reactions.
近年来，纯素饮食在全球范围内的普及率有所上升。放弃动物产品需要从植物性食物中获取足够的蛋白质、维生素和矿物质替代品。在这方面，豆类发挥着重要作用。与此同时，食用豆类后发生过敏反应的病例报告也越来越多。
本研究的目的是总结在纯素饮食背景下，关于豆类的致敏潜力和相关过敏原的当前知识状况。
材料/方法：对过去25年中有关纯素饮食和豆类过敏原的文献进行了全面检索。
花生和大豆是具有高致敏潜力的知名豆类；然而，也有其他豆类，如羽扇豆、小扁豆和豌豆，它们也可能引发严重的过敏反应。食用豆类后也有运动诱发过敏反应的描述。
在纯素饮食背景下，豆类消费的增加使更多具有潜在致敏特性的植物性食物受到关注。预计豆类过敏反应会增加。精确的分子IgE诊断对于评估严重反应的风险至关重要。
