Squillacioti Giulia, El Sherbiny Samar, Lettico Veronica, Ghelli Federica, Panizzolo Marco, Scaioli Giacomo, Martella Manuela, Limoncelli Selene, Mengozzi Giulio, Bono Roberto
Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Molinette Hospital, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Biomolecules. 2025 Apr 10;15(4):560. doi: 10.3390/biom15040560.
Vitamin D intake and synthesis are essential. Vitamin D deficiency is increasing across all age groups, raising concerns regarding public health. Serum 25(OH)D is measured to define vitamin D deficiency. However, its quantification in non-invasively collected biological matrices is still poorly studied. This study aimed to assess 25(OH)D levels in unconventional matrices using cost-effective analytical methods.
Serum, urine, and saliva were collected from 62 healthy, non-smoking volunteers, 25-44 years of age. Biological samples were analysed using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The serum was additionally analysed via the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA), which was used as a benchmark.
We observed a linear correlation (Pearson r = 0.44; = 0.05) between the benchmark and ELISA-measured 25(OH)D urinary levels. After stratification by sex, the correlation was stronger and significant only in females (Pearson r = 0.62; = 0.04). Salivary 25(OH)D levels did not correlate with serum levels for both ELISA and CMIA measures. Subjects with a CMIA serum-based deficiency showed lower urinary 25(OH)D levels ( = 0.04).
Our study opens up the possibility of using urinary 25(OH)D levels as a proxy measurement of vitamin D. Such an approach may allow future investigations on the association between environmental factors and vitamin D assessed in non-invasively collected biological matrices via cost-effective analytical methods.
维生素D的摄入与合成至关重要。各年龄组维生素D缺乏情况均在增加，引发了对公众健康的担忧。测定血清25(OH)D以界定维生素D缺乏。然而，其在非侵入性采集的生物基质中的定量研究仍很不足。本研究旨在使用经济高效的分析方法评估非常规基质中25(OH)D的水平。
收集了62名年龄在25至44岁之间的健康非吸烟志愿者的血清、尿液和唾液。生物样本采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）进行分析。血清还通过化学发光微粒子免疫测定法（CMIA）进行分析，后者用作基准方法。
我们观察到基准方法与ELISA测定的尿25(OH)D水平之间存在线性相关性（Pearson r = 0.44；P = 0.05）。按性别分层后，该相关性仅在女性中更强且具有统计学意义（Pearson r = 0.62；P = 0.04）。ELISA和CMIA检测的唾液25(OH)D水平与血清水平均无相关性。基于CMIA血清检测存在缺乏情况的受试者尿25(OH)D水平较低（P = 0.04）。
我们的研究开启了将尿25(OH)D水平用作维生素D替代测量指标的可能性。这种方法可能使未来能够通过经济高效的分析方法，对环境因素与在非侵入性采集的生物基质中评估的维生素D之间的关联进行研究。
