Xie Xiaofan, Niyongabo Turatsinze Andéole, Liu Yang, Chen Gaofeng, Yue Liang, Ye Ailing, Zhou Qin, Zhang Zongyu, Wang Yun, Zhang Yubao, Jin Weijie, Li Zhongping, Sessitsch Angela, Brader Günter, Wang Ruoyu
State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Lanzhou Experimental Research Station for Ecological Agriculture, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Gansu Shangnong Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Baiyin 730900, China.
Microbiol Res. 2025 Aug;297:128194. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128194. Epub 2025 Apr 25.
The application of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) as bioinoculants is widely recognized for improving crop yields and soil fertility. However, the precise mechanisms underlying their impact on rhizosphere soil quality and crop productivity remain insufficiently understood. This study elucidates how a solid bioinoculant, comprising Bacillus velezensis FZB42 and attapulgite clay, enhances rhizosphere soil quality and maize (Zea mays) growth in nutrient-deficient alkaline calcareous soils. Pot experiments reveal that bioinoculant application promotes extensive root colonization under nitrogen-deficient conditions, with significantly higher colonization rates observed in the half-nitrogen (HN) and zero-nitrogen (ZN) treatments compared to full-nitrogen conditions. Notably, bioinoculant application in ZN and HN significantly increases phosphorus availability and soil quality in the rhizosphere. Furthermore, maize growth parameters, including plant height, stem diameter, and kernel yield, are markedly enhanced, with optimal biomass accumulation achieved under HN conditions. High-throughput sequencing of rhizosphere microbiomes uncovers significant shifts in microbial community composition, with enrichment of key taxa involved in nutrient cycling and plant-microbe interactions. Transcriptomic analysis of maize tissues demonstrates the upregulation of genes associated with nutrient transport, photosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and kernel development, with a pronounced enrichment in metabolic pathways linked to growth and productivity. Structural equation modeling indicates that increased microbial diversity and gene expression collectively account for 69 % of the variance in the soil quality index and 45 % of the variance in maize yield. These findings provide critical mechanistic insights into the role of solid bioinoculant in enhancing soil fertility and crop performance, highlighting their potential as a sustainable agricultural strategy for improving productivity in low-fertility alkaline soils.
植物促生细菌（PGPB）作为生物菌剂在提高作物产量和土壤肥力方面的应用已得到广泛认可。然而，其对根际土壤质量和作物生产力影响的精确机制仍未得到充分理解。本研究阐明了一种由解淀粉芽孢杆菌FZB42和凹凸棒土组成的固体生物菌剂如何在养分缺乏的碱性石灰性土壤中提高根际土壤质量和玉米（Zea mays）生长。盆栽试验表明，在缺氮条件下，施用生物菌剂可促进根系广泛定殖，与全氮条件相比，在半氮（HN）和零氮（ZN）处理中观察到的定殖率显著更高。值得注意的是，在ZN和HN中施用生物菌剂显著提高了根际磷的有效性和土壤质量。此外，玉米的生长参数，包括株高、茎直径和籽粒产量，均显著提高，在HN条件下实现了最佳生物量积累。根际微生物群落的高通量测序揭示了微生物群落组成的显著变化，参与养分循环和植物 - 微生物相互作用的关键分类群得到富集。玉米组织的转录组分析表明，与养分运输、光合作用、脂肪酸生物合成和籽粒发育相关的基因上调，与生长和生产力相关的代谢途径显著富集。结构方程模型表明，微生物多样性和基因表达的增加共同解释了土壤质量指数方差的69%和玉米产量方差的45%。这些发现为固体生物菌剂在提高土壤肥力和作物性能方面的作用提供了关键的机制见解，突出了它们作为提高低肥力碱性土壤生产力的可持续农业策略的潜力。
