种族健康差异与多发性骨髓瘤风险:对能量平衡干预措施的启示
Racial Health Disparity and Risk of Multiple Myeloma: Implications for Energy Balance Interventions.
作者信息
Normann Amber J, Wilson Rebekah L, Matarese Ellaney, Lu Chuan, Ranieri Brett P, Gardiner John R, Marinac Catherine R, Dieli-Conwright Christina M
机构信息
Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
出版信息
Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2025 May 1;18(5):261-269. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0199.
Established risk factors for multiple myeloma, including obesity and sedentary lifestyles, are associated with well-known racial/ethnic disparities in disease risk. This review examines established risk determinants for multiple myeloma in Black adults, summarizes evidence linking lifestyle factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, and diet, to disease risk, and discusses energy balance interventions, including cultural tailoring, to mitigate multiple myeloma risk. We summarize current evidence for racial/ethnic disparities in risk factors for multiple myeloma, including unmodifiable heritable factors, modifiable contributors to obesity, including diet and physical activity, and barriers to meeting physical activity and healthful diet guidelines. With this evidence, we present considerations to research lifestyle interventions directed toward risk factors for multiple myeloma. Current foundational scientific evidence in energy balance interventions for cancer risk management is primarily supported in non-Hispanic White populations. Evidence for preventative exercise, diet, or lifestyle interventions for multiple myeloma among underrepresented populations is scarce. Research considerations are proposed to provide strategies utilizing community engagement, primary care education, and importantly, availability of exercise and dietary resources. The importance of tailoring exercise and dietary interventions is also underscored, in addition to generating clinical trial-based evidence to be equitable and beneficial for all populations.
多发性骨髓瘤的既定风险因素,包括肥胖和久坐不动的生活方式,与疾病风险中众所周知的种族/族裔差异相关。本综述探讨了成年黑人多发性骨髓瘤的既定风险决定因素,总结了将包括肥胖、缺乏身体活动和饮食在内的生活方式因素与疾病风险联系起来的证据,并讨论了包括文化调适在内的能量平衡干预措施,以降低多发性骨髓瘤风险。我们总结了多发性骨髓瘤风险因素中种族/族裔差异的现有证据,包括不可改变的遗传因素、导致肥胖的可改变因素(包括饮食和身体活动)以及达到身体活动和健康饮食指南的障碍。基于这些证据,我们提出了针对多发性骨髓瘤风险因素的生活方式干预研究的考量。目前关于癌症风险管理能量平衡干预的基础科学证据主要来自非西班牙裔白人人群。在代表性不足的人群中,针对多发性骨髓瘤的预防性运动、饮食或生活方式干预的证据很少。我们提出了研究考量,以提供利用社区参与、初级保健教育以及重要的运动和饮食资源可用性的策略。除了生成对所有人群公平且有益的基于临床试验的证据外,还强调了调适运动和饮食干预的重要性。