Wang Wanpeng, Zhi Bin, Wang Yong, Shao Zongze
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China.
ISME Commun. 2024 Nov 4;5(1):ycae135. doi: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae135. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Accidental spills and persisting hydrocarbon pollution caused by petroleum exploitation have deeply disrupted marine ecosystems, including those in the deep oceans and the Arctic Ocean. While physicochemical methods are available for emergency cleanup, microorganisms are ultimately responsible for mineralizing the hydrocarbons. The understanding of environmental effects on the composition and efficiency of hydrocarbon-degrading microbial communities has greatly improved current microorganism-based remediation strategies. This review summarizes recent findings on the physiology, metabolism, and ecology of marine obligate hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms. Strategies for improved biotechnological solutions based on the use of hydrocarbon-degrading microbes are discussed for hydrocarbon remediation in marine water columns, sediments, beaches, and the Arctic.
石油开采导致的意外泄漏和持续的碳氢化合物污染已严重破坏了海洋生态系统，包括深海和北冰洋的生态系统。虽然有物理化学方法可用于应急清理，但微生物最终负责将碳氢化合物矿化。对环境对碳氢化合物降解微生物群落组成和效率影响的理解极大地改进了当前基于微生物的修复策略。本综述总结了关于海洋专性嗜碳氢化合物微生物的生理学、代谢和生态学的最新发现。讨论了基于使用碳氢化合物降解微生物改进生物技术解决方案的策略，用于海水柱、沉积物、海滩和北极地区的碳氢化合物修复。
