Xiao Jiaqiang, Dong Xiaosheng, Ding Meng, Yang Qingqing, Kong Tao
College of Physical Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.
Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Apr 16;13:1518255. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1518255. eCollection 2025.
This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity (PA) and all-cause mortality in patients with depression.
Data from 2,841 subjects were derived from the 2005-2018 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which included 13 years of follow-up. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The relationships between different amounts and types of physical activity (PA, such as work, transport, or leisure) and all-cause mortality were analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models and restricted cubic splines.
After adjusting for all covariates, the depressed patients who engaged in sufficient PA (≥600 metabolic equivalent (600 MET)-min/week) showed a 40% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47-0.76) lower mortality risk compared to their physically inactive counterparts. The mortality rate from recreational PA continues to decline with increasing proportions. Subgroup analyses further revealed sustained benefits in vulnerable populations: stroke patients maintaining sufficient PA achieved a HR of 0.40 (95% CI: 0.18-0.88) for all-cause mortality, while those with cardiac conditions showed an even more pronounced HR of 0.35 (95% CI: 0.16-0.77).
PA has a positive effect on reducing the risk of death in patients with depression, and there are differences in the effectiveness of different volumes and purposes (for work, leisure, or transport) of PA in relation to reducing the risk of death. These findings emphasize the critical role of PA in mitigating mortality risk among individuals with depression, promoting personalized exercise plans that consider differences in activity volume and purposes.
这项前瞻性队列研究旨在调查抑郁症患者的身体活动（PA）与全因死亡率之间的关联。
来自2841名受试者的数据源自2005 - 2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES），其中包括13年的随访。使用患者健康问卷 - 9（PHQ - 9）评估抑郁症。使用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型和受限立方样条分析不同量和类型的身体活动（如工作、交通或休闲方面的PA）与全因死亡率之间的关系。
在对所有协变量进行调整后，与身体不活动的抑郁症患者相比，进行足够身体活动（≥600代谢当量（600 MET） - 分钟/周）的抑郁症患者的死亡风险降低了40%（风险比[HR] = 0.60，95%置信区间[CI]：0.47 - 0.76）。休闲性身体活动的死亡率随着比例增加而持续下降。亚组分析进一步揭示了在弱势群体中的持续益处：维持足够身体活动的中风患者全因死亡率的HR为0.40（95% CI：0.18 - 0.88），而患有心脏疾病的患者HR更为显著，为0.35（95% CI：0.16 - 0.77）。
身体活动对降低抑郁症患者的死亡风险有积极作用，并且不同量和目的（工作、休闲或交通）的身体活动在降低死亡风险方面的有效性存在差异。这些发现强调了身体活动在降低抑郁症患者死亡风险中的关键作用，促进制定考虑活动量和目的差异的个性化运动计划。
