Lu Xingyao, Liu Zhimin, Hu Wenqing, Li Yunyun, Tian Xinyi, Dong Ruofan
Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, 214122, People's Republic of China.
Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi City, 214122, People's Republic of China.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2025 Apr 26;18:2335-2348. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S507649. eCollection 2025.
This cross-sectional study aimed to analyse the interaction willingness regarding empathy and self-disclosure among patients with malignant gynaecological tumours and their spouses and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
A total of 201 couples, each including one partner diagnosed with a malignant gynaecological tumour, were selected using a convenience sampling method between March 2023 and January 2024. Participants' general information, empathy capabilities, self-disclosure and support coping were assessed by a general information questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C, the Distress Disclosure Index and the Couple Support Coping Scale, respectively.
Both empathy and self-disclosure scores were significantly higher in the patients than in their spouses. Agent and object effect analyses showed that empathy in patients and their spouses could significantly positively predict their own self-disclosure and supportive coping abilities ( < 0.001). Furthermore, mediation effects indicated that spouses' empathy could influence patients' self-disclosure, albeit with a lower coefficient of 0.063, thereby enhancing the perceived effectiveness of spousal support coping. All these effects are statistically significant ( < 0.001).
The capabilities of self-disclosure and empathy in patients with malignant gynaecological tumours and their spouses are closely associated with spousal support coping. Therefore, interventions should be crafted from a dyadic perspective to enhance both partners' empathic abilities and self-disclosure skills, thereby promoting mutual support and coping capabilities.
本横断面研究旨在分析妇科恶性肿瘤患者及其配偶之间关于同理心和自我表露的互动意愿，并阐明其潜在机制。
采用便利抽样法，于2023年3月至2024年1月选取了201对夫妇，其中一方被诊断为妇科恶性肿瘤。分别通过一般信息问卷、人际反应指针C型量表、苦恼表露指数和夫妻支持应对量表对参与者的一般信息、同理心能力、自我表露和支持应对情况进行评估。
患者的同理心和自我表露得分均显著高于其配偶。施动者和受动者效应分析表明，患者及其配偶的同理心能够显著正向预测他们自身的自我表露和支持应对能力（<0.001）。此外，中介效应表明，配偶的同理心能够影响患者的自我表露，尽管系数较低，为0.063，从而提高配偶支持应对的感知效果。所有这些效应均具有统计学意义（<0.001）。
妇科恶性肿瘤患者及其配偶的自我表露和同理心能力与配偶支持应对密切相关。因此，应从二元视角制定干预措施，以提高双方的同理心能力和自我表露技巧，从而促进相互支持和应对能力。
