Rafiei Nahid, Aratboni Hossein Alishah, Lavandosque Leandro Luis, Mastrangelo Clíssia Barboza, Hirai Welinton Yoshio, de Oliveira Lucianne Ferreira Paes, Gonçalves Gabriel Luiz Padoan, Lavres José, Rossi Mônica Lanzoni, Martinelli Adriana Pinheiro, de Lira Simone Possedente, Kazemeini Seyed Abdolreza, Winck Flavia Vischi
Laboratory of Regulatory Systems Biology, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Laboratory of Radiobiology and Environment, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
Physiol Plant. 2025 May-Jun;177(3):e70245. doi: 10.1111/ppl.70245.
The rising frequency of extreme climate events requires sustainable strategies to secure food production. Environmental stress impacts seed germination and seedling development, posing a significant agricultural challenge. To address this, we developed and applied iron-based nanoparticles (Bio-NPs) synthesized through green biosynthesis from Haematococcus pluvialis, a microalga rich in antioxidants like astaxanthin. These Bio-NPs, approximately 21 nm in diameter and characterized by a negative surface charge, were used as priming agents for maize seeds. Their effects on physiological traits were analyzed with multispectral imaging, showing enhanced normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and chlorophyll levels in maize seedlings, highlighting Bio-NPs as effective biostimulants. Among the tested concentrations, 6 mM Bio-NPs yielded the most substantial improvements in seedling health compared to unprimed and hydro-primed groups. Importantly, in vitro studies confirmed that Bio-NPs had no harmful effects on beneficial bacteria and fungi of agronomic importance, underscoring their safety. Although the exact biological pathways responsible for these enhancements are yet to be fully understood, further research into plant responses to Bio-NPs could yield new insights into plant biostimulation. Bio-NPs thus hold promises for strengthening seedling resilience under extreme environmental scenarios, currently observed due to global climate change, offering a safe, sustainable approach to agricultural enhancement. By leveraging microalgae-based biostimulants, this work advances seed priming technology, fostering crop resilience and supporting environmentally friendly agricultural practices.
极端气候事件发生频率的上升需要可持续战略来保障粮食生产。环境胁迫会影响种子萌发和幼苗发育，这对农业构成了重大挑战。为应对这一问题，我们研发并应用了通过绿色生物合成法从雨生红球藻（一种富含虾青素等抗氧化剂的微藻）合成的铁基纳米颗粒（生物纳米颗粒）。这些生物纳米颗粒直径约为21纳米，表面带负电荷，被用作玉米种子的引发剂。通过多光谱成像分析了它们对生理特性的影响，结果显示玉米幼苗的归一化植被指数（NDVI）和叶绿素水平有所提高，突出了生物纳米颗粒作为有效生物刺激剂的作用。在测试的浓度中，与未引发和水引发组相比，6 mM的生物纳米颗粒对幼苗健康的改善最为显著。重要的是，体外研究证实生物纳米颗粒对具有农艺重要性的有益细菌和真菌没有有害影响，这突出了它们的安全性。尽管导致这些增强作用的确切生物学途径尚未完全了解，但对植物对生物纳米颗粒反应的进一步研究可能会为植物生物刺激带来新的见解。因此，生物纳米颗粒有望在极端环境情景下增强幼苗的恢复力，目前由于全球气候变化而观察到这种情景，为农业增产提供了一种安全、可持续的方法。通过利用基于微藻的生物刺激剂，这项工作推动了种子引发技术的发展，增强了作物的恢复力，并支持了环境友好型农业实践。
