Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Oct 5;459:132107. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132107. Epub 2023 Jul 22.
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have great application potential due to their multifunctional excellence properties, leading to the possibility of their release into soil environments. IONPs exhibit different adsorption properties toward environmental pollutants (e.g., heavy metals and organic compounds), thus the adsorption performance for various contaminants and the molecular interactions at the IONPs-pollutants interface are discussed. After solute adsorption, the change in the environmental behavior of IONPs is an important transformation process in the natural environments. The aggregation, aging process, and chemical/biological transformation of IONPs can be altered by soil solution chemistry, as well as by the presence of dissolved organic matter and microorganisms. Upon exposure to soil environments, IONPs have both positive and negative impacts on soil organisms (e.g., bacteria, plants, nematodes, and earthworms). Moreover, we compared the toxicity of IONPs alone to combined toxicity with environmental pollutants and pristine IONPs to aged IONPs, and the mechanisms of IONPs toxicity at the cellular level are also reviewed. Given the unanswered questions, future research should include prediction and design of IONPs, new characterization technology for monitoring IONPs transformation in soil ecosystems, and further refinement the environmental risk assessment of IONPs. This review will greatly enhance our knowledge of the performance and impact of IONPs in soil systems.
氧化铁纳米粒子（IONPs）具有多功能卓越性能，因此具有很大的应用潜力，有可能会被释放到土壤环境中。IONPs 对环境污染物（例如重金属和有机化合物）表现出不同的吸附特性，因此讨论了各种污染物的吸附性能以及 IONPs-污染物界面的分子相互作用。在溶质吸附后，IONPs 的环境行为变化是自然环境中的一个重要转化过程。土壤溶液化学以及溶解有机物和微生物的存在会改变 IONPs 的聚集、老化过程和化学/生物转化。暴露于土壤环境中时，IONPs 对土壤生物（例如细菌、植物、线虫和蚯蚓）既有正面影响，也有负面影响。此外，我们比较了 IONPs 单独的毒性与与环境污染物和原始 IONPs 与老化 IONPs 的联合毒性，还综述了 IONPs 在细胞水平上的毒性机制。鉴于存在未解决的问题，未来的研究应包括对 IONPs 的预测和设计、用于监测土壤生态系统中 IONPs 转化的新技术，以及进一步完善 IONPs 的环境风险评估。这篇综述将极大地提高我们对 IONPs 在土壤系统中的性能和影响的认识。
