Küçükoğlu Çolak Merve, Çolak Resul, Cicek Orhan
Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak 67600, Türkiye.
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak 67600, Türkiye.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Apr 16;15(8):1013. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15081013.
: This study used fractal dimension (FD) analysis to evaluate alveolar trabecular changes associated with gingival recessions in the mandibular incisor-canine and premolar regions in the post-orthodontic retention period, compare them to non-recession regions, and assess their correlation with plaque (PI) and gingival indices (GIs). : This cross-sectional case-control study included 60 patients with mandibular gingival recession (35 females, 25 males; mean age: 21.91 ± 2.59 years), with apical trabecular bone regions of interest (ROIs) identified in the incisor-canine and premolar regions. Patients were divided into four groups based on the regions of recession, with non-recessional regions in the contralateral quadrant considered as control regions. FD analysis was performed on the specified ROIs using panoramic radiographs taken before treatment (T0), after treatment (T1), and in the retention period (T2). Patients' PI and GI scores and incisor-mandibular plane angles (IMPAs) were recorded. : The FD values significantly decreased in Groups 1 and 2 (left and right incisor-canine regions) ( < 0.05), but no significant changes were found in Groups 3 and 4 (left and right premolar regions) and the control group. The FD values showed a significant correlation with the PI and GI scores ( < 0.05), but no correlation was found with IMPAs ( > 0.05). : Alterations in alveolar trabeculation in gingival recession can be assessed by FD analysis. Decreased FD values correlate with worsening oral hygiene and higher PI and GI scores. Changes in the IMPA do not correlate with changes in FD, highlighting the importance of regular periodontal check-ups after orthodontic treatment.
本研究采用分形维数（FD）分析来评估正畸保持期下颌切牙-尖牙区和前磨牙区与牙龈退缩相关的牙槽骨小梁变化，将其与无退缩区域进行比较，并评估它们与菌斑指数（PI）和牙龈指数（GIs）的相关性。本横断面病例对照研究纳入了60例下颌牙龈退缩患者（35例女性，25例男性；平均年龄：21.91±2.59岁），在切牙-尖牙区和前磨牙区确定了根尖骨小梁感兴趣区域（ROIs）。根据退缩区域将患者分为四组，将对侧象限的无退缩区域视为对照区域。使用治疗前（T0）、治疗后（T1）和保持期（T2）拍摄的全景X线片对指定的ROIs进行FD分析。记录患者的PI和GI评分以及切牙-下颌平面角（IMPAs）。第1组和第2组（左右切牙-尖牙区）的FD值显著降低（<0.05），但第3组和第4组（左右前磨牙区）以及对照组未发现显著变化。FD值与PI和GI评分显著相关（<0.05），但与IMPAs无相关性（>0.05）。牙龈退缩时牙槽骨小梁的改变可通过FD分析进行评估。FD值降低与口腔卫生恶化以及更高的PI和GI评分相关。IMPA的变化与FD的变化不相关，突出了正畸治疗后定期进行牙周检查的重要性。
